QUANTUM SIMULATION Exploring the many-body localization transition in two dimensions
QUANTUM SIMULATION Exploring the many-body localization transition in two dimensions
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aaf8834
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发表时间：
2016-06-24
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Gross, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Choi, Jae-yoon;Hild, Sebastian;Gross, Christian
统计物理学中的一个基本假设是，一般的封闭量子多体系统在它们自己的动力学下热化。最近，多体定域系统的出现对这一概念提出了质疑，并挑战了我们对统计物理和量子力学之间联系的理解。本文报道了在二维无序光学晶格中观察到玻色子的热相和定域相之间的多体定域跃迁。与我们的单站点解决的测量，我们跟踪的松弛动力学的最初准备的平衡密度模式，并找到强有力的证据时，接近本地化过渡的发散长度尺度。我们的实验代表了一个示范和深入表征的多体本地化的制度，无法访问与国家的最先进的模拟经典计算机。
A fundamental assumption in statistical physics is that generic closed quantum many-body systems thermalize under their own dynamics. Recently, the emergence of many-body localized systems has questioned this concept and challenged our understanding of the connection between statistical physics and quantum mechanics. Here we report on the observation of a many-body localization transition between thermal and localized phases for bosons in a two-dimensional disordered optical lattice. With our single-site-resolved measurements, we track the relaxation dynamics of an initially prepared out-of-equilibrium density pattern and find strong evidence for a diverging length scale when approaching the localization transition. Our experiments represent a demonstration and in-depth characterization of many-body localization in a regime not accessible with state-of-the-art simulations on classical computers.