Identifying the roles of race-based choice and chance in high school friendship network formation
Identifying the roles of race-based choice and chance in high school friendship network formation
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0911793107
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发表时间：
2010-03-16
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Pin, Paolo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Currarini, Sergio;Jackson, Matthew O.;Pin, Paolo
同性恋是指人们倾向于与与自己相似的人交往，在许多社交网络中都可以观察到，从友谊到婚姻再到商业关系，并且基于各种特征，包括种族，年龄，性别，宗教和教育。我们提出了一种技术来区分两个主要来源的同质性：偏见的个人偏好的类型，他们的朋友和偏见的机会，人们满足个人的其他类型。我们使用这种技术来分析种族模式的友谊网络在一组美国高中从添加健康数据集。在这些数据中，偏好的偏差和见面率的偏差都非常显著，而且这两种类型的偏差在不同种族之间存在显著差异。亚洲人和黑人倾向于与自己的种族互动，比白人高出7倍以上，而西班牙裔人在会面机会方面表现出中等偏差。亚洲人表现出最少的偏好偏差，与其他类型的友谊的价值是与亚洲人的友谊的90%，而黑人和西班牙裔人分别是55%和65%，白人介于两者之间，与白人的友谊价值是75%。会议在大型学校（> 1，000名学生）中比在小型学校（<1，000名学生）中更有偏见，并且偏好的偏差随着学校周围县的家庭收入中位数而表现出一些显着变化。
Homophily, the tendency of people to associate with others similar to themselves, is observed in many social networks, ranging from friendships to marriages to business relationships, and is based on a variety of characteristics, including race, age, gender, religion, and education. We present a technique for distinguishing two primary sources of homophily: biases in the preferences of individuals over the types of their friends and biases in the chances that people meet individuals of other types. We use this technique to analyze racial patterns in friendship networks in a set of American high schools from the Add Health dataset. Biases in preferences and biases in meeting rates are both highly significant in these data, and both types of biases differ significantly across races. Asians and Blacks are biased toward interacting with their own race at rates > 7 times higher than Whites, whereas Hispanics exhibit an intermediate bias in meeting opportunities. Asians exhibit the least preference bias, valuing friendships with other types 90% as much as friendships with Asians, whereas Blacks and Hispanics value friendships with other types 55% and 65% as much as same-type friendships, respectively, and Whites fall in between, valuing other-type friendships 75% as much as friendships with Whites. Meetings are significantly more biased in large schools (> 1,000 students) than in small schools (< 1,000 students), and biases in preferences exhibit some significant variation with the median household income levels in the counties surrounding the schools.