Review and meta-analysis of recent life cycle assessments of hydrogen production
Review and meta-analysis of recent life cycle assessments of hydrogen production
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cesys.2023.100116
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
J. Wilkinson;T. Mays;M. McManus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Wilkinson;T. Mays;M. McManus
世界正面临着紧迫的全球气候挑战，氢（H2）作为一种无碳能源载体，在经济脱碳中发挥着重要作用，越来越受到重视。然而，不同的制氢方法对环境的影响有时被忽视。这项工作提供了一个全面的概述的环境影响和成本的各种方法生产氢气。2015年至2022年期间发布的99项制氢生命周期评估（LCA）按地理位置、生产方法、能源、目标和范围进行分类，并按数据来源和方法进行比较。对方法选择进行元分析，以确定一组相互可比的研究，然后对这些研究的结果进行比较，首先按全球升温潜能值进行比较，然后按其他指标对低全球升温潜能值情景进行比较。结果表明，与从化石燃料生产氢的主要方法（1 -2美元/千克H2）相比，目前更昂贵的方法（4 -9美元/千克H2）实现了最低的全球升温潜能值。研究发现，目前用于比较全球升温潜能值以外的环境指标的数据有限，例如陆地酸化或淡水富营养化。对未来的制氢LCA提出了建议。
The world is facing an urgent global climate challenge, and hydrogen (H2) is increasingly valued as a carbon-free energy carrier that can play a prominent role in decarbonising economies. However, the environmental impact of the different methods for hydrogen production are sometimes overlooked. This work provides a comprehensive overview of the environmental impacts and costs of a diverse range of methods for producing hydrogen. Ninety-nine life cycle assessments (LCAs) of hydrogen production published between 2015 and 2022 are categorised by geography, production method, energy source, goal and scope, and compared by data sources and methodology. A meta-analysis of methodological choices is used to identify a subset of mutually comparable studies whose results are then compared, initially by global warming potential (GWP), then low-GWP scenarios are compared by other indicators. The results show that the lowest GWP is achieved by methods that are currently more expensive (∼US $4–9/kg H2) compared to the dominant methods of producing hydrogen from fossil fuels (∼US $1–2/kg H2). The research finds that data are currently limited for comparing environmental indicators other than GWP, such as terrestrial acidification or freshwater eutrophication. Recommendations are made for future LCAs of hydrogen production.