Correlates and motivations of prescription opioid use among adolescents 12 to 17 years of age in the United States
Correlates and motivations of prescription opioid use among adolescents 12 to 17 years of age in the United States
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DOI：
10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001775
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Palermo, Tonya M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Groenewald, Cornelius B.;Patel, Kushang, V;Palermo, Tonya M.
尽管付出了巨大努力，阿片类药物危机仍然是影响青少年的紧迫健康问题。本研究的主要目的是描述阿片类药物流行病的近期社会人口变化。我们利用 2015 年和 2016 年全国药物使用与健康调查的数据，研究了美国 12 至 17 岁青少年的阿片类药物使用率（包括阿片类药物滥用和阿片类药物使用障碍）是否因社会人口因素、身心健康以及物质使用特征而有所不同。我们还研究了阿片类药物滥用的动机。该研究共有 27,857 名参与者。与非西班牙裔白人青少年相比，非西班牙裔黑人青少年更有可能使用和滥用阿片类药物，这与之前的研究存在明显差异。青少年滥用药物的主要动机是缓解身体疼痛（50%，95% 置信区间 46%-54%）。与没有报告任何阿片类药物滥用的青少年相比，报告疼痛缓解是滥用药物的主要原因的青少年物质使用的几率增加。然而，在报告滥用阿片类药物除缓解疼痛之外的其他原因的青少年中，药物滥用的可能性最大。全国药物使用和健康调查自我报告数据表明，最近阿片类药物滥用发生了变化，与白人青少年相比，少数族裔青少年阿片类药物滥用的风险似乎更高。缓解身体疼痛是阿片类药物滥用的最常见动机。
Despite significant efforts, the opioid crisis remains a pressing health concern affecting adolescents. The primary aim of this study was to describe recent sociodemographic shifts in the opioid epidemic. We examined whether rates of opioid use, including opioid misuse and opioid use disorder among 12 to 17 year olds in the United States, differ according to sociodemographic factors, physical and mental health, and substance use characteristics using data from the 2015 and 2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. We also examined motivations for opioid misuse. The study included 27,857 participants. Black, non-Hispanic adolescents were more likely to both use and misuse opioids as compared to white, non-Hispanic adolescents, a clear difference from previous studies. The main motivation for misuse by adolescents was relief of physical pain (50%, 95% confidence interval 46%-54%). Adolescents who reported pain relief as the major reason for misuse had increased odds of substance use as compared to adolescents who did not report any opioid misuse. However, odds for substance use was greatest among adolescents who reported reasons other than pain relief for opioid misuse. National Survey on Drug Use and Health self-report data suggest recent shifts in opioid misuse with minority adolescents appearing to be at increased risk of opioid misuse compared with white adolescents. Relief of physical pain is the most common motivation for opioid misuse.