The History and Economic Importance of the Oil Palm
The History and Economic Importance of the Oil Palm
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油棕的历史和经济重要性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Mayes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Mayes
油棕榈是一种引人注目的作物，2017年，它从世界上0.36%的农业土地上生产了世界上34%的植物油。事实上，它是一种多年生的“树”作物，生长在潮湿的热带地区，在高光照强度下，它的油产量比许多一年生温带油料作物高出十倍。然而，人工密集型行业的缓慢繁殖周期开始侵蚀这一优势，气候变化的挑战尚未得到解决。回顾了油棕的历史、经济重要性以及如何应用研究来提高油棕的生产力和价值，沿着一些研究需要解决的未来挑战。
Oil palm is a remarkable crop which in 2017 produced 34% of the world’s vegetable oil from 0.36% of the world’s agricultural land. The fact that it is a perennial ‘tree’ crop growing in the humid tropics under high light intensity accounts for the tenfold advantage in oil yield it has over many annual temperate oil crops, per hectare, per year. However, slow breeding cycles in a manually intensive industry are beginning to erode this advantage, and the challenges of climate change have yet to be addressed. The history, economic importance and how research has been applied to improve the productivity and value of the oil palm are reviewed, along with some of the future challenges which research needs to address.