A comparison of aerosol optical and chemical properties over the Adriatic and Black Seas during summer 2004: Two case‐studies from ADRIEX
A comparison of aerosol optical and chemical properties over the Adriatic and Black Seas during summer 2004: Two case‐studies from ADRIEX
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2004 年夏季亚得里亚海和黑海气溶胶光学和化学性质的比较：ADRIEX 的两个案例研究
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发表时间：
2007
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通讯作者：
J. Crosier
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作者：
Jolene Cook;E. Highwood;H. Coe;P. Formenti;J. Haywood;J. Crosier
在这项研究中，我们提供了两个案例研究的气溶胶特征，这些研究来自地中海北部地区的夏季运动。在亚得里亚海北部和黑海西海岸进行的空中测量提供了一幅垂直分辨率的气溶胶光学、微物理和化学特性图，以及整个东欧和西欧污染的水平变化情况。观测到的特征变化主要可归因于每个气团的源区。这一点在黑海上空的分层气溶胶廓线上尤为明显，这是东欧低空气团在源自中欧和西欧的气团下形成的结果。亚得里亚海上空的大气柱在光学和组成上都更加均匀，包括西欧的工业污染。对采样气溶胶的化学成分的分析表明，黑海上空污染加剧的层主要是硫酸盐，而较低的层主要是有机化合物，最有可能是由于从飞机上可以看到的农业火灾事件。这种化学成分的差异反映在原位单次散射反照率上；较低的层的平均值为0.91，而较高的层的平均值为0.95，表明散射成分较强。对亚得里亚海的测量表明，两层的组成更加一致，单次散射反照率的差异不那么明显(SSA；较低和较高污染层的SSA分别为0.89和0.90)。空中观测得到地面太阳光度计和激光雷达反演以及卫星遥感的补充，并进行封闭性调查，以检查这些数据集之间的光学特性的一致性。版权所有(C)2007皇家气象学会
In this study we provide aerosol characteristics for two case‐studies from a summertime campaign over the northern Mediterranean region. Airborne measurements over the northern Adriatic and the western coast of the Black Sea provide a vertically resolved picture of aerosol optical, microphysical and chemical properties, and the horizontal variability of pollution across eastern and western Europe. Observed variations in the characteristics can be principally attributed to the source region of each air mass. This is particularly evident in a stratified aerosol profile over the Black Sea that results from an eastern European air mass at low altitudes underlying an air mass originating from central and western Europe. The atmospheric column over the Adriatic was found to be more homogeneous, both optically and in composition, comprising western European industrial pollution. Analysis of the chemical components of the sampled aerosol showed that the elevated pollution layer over the Black Sea was dominated by sulphates, while the lower layer was dominated by organic compounds, most likely due to agricultural fire events that were visible from the aircraft. This difference in chemical composition was reflected in the in situ single‐scattering albedo; the lower layer had a mean value of 0.91 while the elevated layer had a higher mean value of 0.95, indicative of a stronger scattering component. Measurements over the Adriatic Sea displayed more consistency in composition between the two layers and a less apparent difference in the single‐scattering albedo (SSA; 0.89 and 0.90 for the lower and elevated pollution layers, respectively). Airborne observations are complemented by surface sunphotometer and lidar retrievals, and satellite retrievals where available, and a closure investigation is performed to examine consistency of optical properties between these datasets. Copyright © 2007 Royal Meteorological Society