Global vulnerability to agricultural drought and its spatial characteristics
Global vulnerability to agricultural drought and its spatial characteristics
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全球农业干旱脆弱性及其空间特征
DOI：
10.1007/s11430-016-9018-2
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yang JianHua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wu JianJun;Geng GuangPo;Zhou HongKui;Liu JingHui;Wang QianFeng;Yang JianHua
农业干旱脆弱性作为农业干旱风险的重要组成部分，通过对农业干旱脆弱性进行量化，识别农业干旱脆弱性的空间分布特征，有助于有效地预防和缓解干旱影响。本研究以全球农业种植区域为研究区域，选取6种主要农作物（小麦、玉米、水稻、大麦、大豆、高粱）作为农业干旱的承灾体。在0.5°分辨率下对全球农业干旱脆弱性进行了评估，揭示了全球农业干旱脆弱性的分布特征。结果表明，全球农业干旱脆弱性等级由低到高的面积百分比分别为38.96%、28.41%、25.37%和7.26%;这意味着高脆弱性和极高脆弱性区域的总面积百分比超过了研究区域的30%。高脆弱性区和极高脆弱性区主要分布在干旱和半干旱地区，但约40%的高脆弱性区和极高脆弱性区分布在湿润和半湿润地区。此外，在这项研究中，只有约15%的人口位于高脆弱性地区。在脆弱性因子中，生长季水分亏缺和灌溉面积比是影响区域脆弱性的关键因子。因此，可以通过调整作物种植期和种植结构、提高灌溉水平和灌溉能力来降低脆弱性。
As an important part of agricultural drought risk, agricultural drought vulnerability helps effectively prevent and alleviate drought impacts by quantifying the vulnerability as well as identifying its spatial distribution characteristics. In this study, global agricultural cultivation regions were chosen as the study area; six main crops (wheat, maize, rice, barley, soybean, sorghum) were selected as the hazard-affected body of agricultural drought. Then, global vulnerability to agricultural drought was assessed at a 0.5° resolution and finally, its distribution characteristics were revealed. The results indicated that the area percentages of different grades of global vulnerability to agricultural drought from low to very high were 38.96%, 28.41%, 25.37%, and 7.26%, respectively. This means that the total area percentage of high and very high vulnerability zones exceeded 30% of the study area. Although high and very high vulnerability zones were mainly distributed in arid and semi-arid regions, approximately 40% of those above were distributed in humid and semi-humid regions. In addition, only about 15% of the population in this study was located in the high vulnerability regions. Among the vulnerability factors, water deficit during the growing season and the irrigation area ratio are the key factors affecting regional vulnerability. Therefore, the vulnerability could be reduced by adjusting crop planting dates and structures as well as by improving irrigation level and capacity.