Effects of sediment bypass tunnels on grain size distribution and benthic habitats in regulated rivers
Effects of sediment bypass tunnels on grain size distribution and benthic habitats in regulated rivers
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DOI：
10.1080/15715124.2017.1360320
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Sumi, Tetsuya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Auel, Christian;Kobayashi, Sohei;Sumi, Tetsuya
在日本和瑞士的四个大坝与沉积物旁路隧道（SBT）作为防止水库泥沙淤积的措施进行了监测，以分析沉积物供应对下游环境的影响的基础上，在地貌和生物特征的上下游的差异。SBT手术时间范围从Pfaffensprung的93年和Asahi的17年到Solis的3年和Koshibu的无手术。监测了沉积物的粒度分布，并分析了微生境和无脊椎动物的丰富程度和组成。结果表明，粗粒度下游比上游在大坝与新建立的SBT，而他们是相似的或更细的大坝与长期SBT操作。生物数据的分析表明，微生境和无脊椎动物的丰富度是低直接低于大坝，但增加下游更长的SBT操作。定居物种占主导地位的位置，床条件稳定，如直接下游的大坝在Koshibu。恢复下游环境与SBT操作时间的增加被披露的Bray-Curtis相似性指数，该指数评估了微生境组成和无脊椎动物群落的上游和下游河段之间的重叠。随着手术时间的增加，这两个指数增加，揭示了长期SBT操作的积极影响。
Four dams in Japan and Switzerland with Sediment Bypass Tunnels (SBT) as a measure against reservoir sedimentation were monitored to analyse the effects of sediment supply on the downstream environment based on up-to downstream differences in geomorphological and biological characteristics. SBT operation times ranged from 93 years at Pfaffensprung and 17 at Asahi to only three years at Solis and no operation at Koshibu. Sediment grain size distribution was monitored, and microhabitats and invertebrates were analysed in terms of richness and composition. Results showed that grain sizes were coarser down-than upstream at dams with newly established SBTs, while they were similar or finer for dams with long SBT operation. Analysis of biotic data revealed that microhabitat and invertebrate richness was low directly below the dam but increased further downstream the longer the SBT operation. Sedentary species dominated at locations where bed conditions were stable, e.g. directly downstream of the dam at Koshibu. Recovery of downstream environment with increasing SBT operation time was disclosed by the Bray-Curtis similarity index, which evaluated an overlap between up- and downstream reaches for both microhabitat composition and invertebrate communities. With increasing operation time, both indices increased, revealing the positive effects of long-term SBT operation.