Graphene-based advanced nanoplatforms and biocomposites from environmentally friendly and biomimetic approaches
Graphene-based advanced nanoplatforms and biocomposites from environmentally friendly and biomimetic approaches
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采用环保和仿生方法的基于石墨烯的先进纳米平台和生物复合材料
DOI：
10.1039/c9gc02266j
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Cheng Chong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma Lang;Zhou Mi;He Chao;Li Shuang;Fan Xin;Nie Chuanxiong;Luo Hongrong;Qiu Li;Cheng Chong
石墨烯和石墨烯基纳米材料（GNs），如氧化石墨烯、还原氧化石墨烯、石墨烯量子点等，由于其独特而突出的物理化学性质，如大比表面积、超低厚度、高机械刚度和高导电性，在过去十年中成为生物医学领域应用的“明星”纳米材料。然而，潜在的细胞毒性等重大缺陷仍然极大地限制了它们的广泛应用。为了消除毒性和增强生物功能，人们开发了大量的改性方法来制造基于gns的先进纳米平台和生物复合材料，以改变它们的表面化学性质，特别是通过简单、环保、仿生和生物启发的方法。本文综述了用于设计基于gns的先进纳米平台和生物复合材料的环境友好型方法，这些方法综合了防止废物产生和使用低危害试剂的好处。此外，从自然系统中学习，仿生途径修饰具有优异生物性能的GNs也被讨论。简要介绍了gns在分子、细胞和组织水平上的生物相容性和生物活性，并总结了基于gns的先进纳米平台和生物复合材料的代表性生物医学应用。这篇综述可以帮助读者了解石墨烯及其衍生物功能化的环境友好和仿生方法的最新进展、当前挑战和前景，这些方法可能会改善其生物医学应用，并在不同的纳米医学和生物医学领域激发一些新的机会。
Because of their unique and outstanding physicochemical properties, such as large specific area, ultralow thickness, high mechanical stiffness, and high electrical and thermal conductivities, graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials (GNs), such as graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene quantum dots, etc., have become “star” nanomaterials for use in biomedical areas over the past decade. However, significant drawbacks like potential cytotoxicity still greatly limit their wider applications. Attempting to eliminate toxicity and enhance biofunctionalities, abundant modification methods for fabricating GNs-based advanced nanoplatforms and biocomposites have been developed to alter their surface chemistry, especially through facile, environmentally friendly, biomimetic, as well as bioinspired methods. In this review, environmentally friendly approaches utilized for designing GNs-based advanced nanoplatforms and biocomposites that integrate the benefits of the prevention of waste production and the use of less hazardous reagents are summarized. Moreover, learning from natural systems, biomimetic routes to modify GNs with superior biological performances are also discussed. Furthermore, the biocompatibility and bioactivity at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels are briefly introduced, and the representative biomedical applications for GNs-based advanced nanoplatforms and biocomposites are summarized. This review may help readers in understanding the state-of-the-art advances, current challenges, and prospects of environmentally friendly and biomimetic approaches for the functionalization of graphene and its derivatives that may improve their biomedical applications and inspire several newer opportunities in diverse nanomedical and biomedical areas.