The Microbiome and the Respiratory Tract.
The Microbiome and the Respiratory Tract.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-physiol-021115-105238
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
18.2
通讯作者：
Huffnagle GB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dickson RP;Erb-Downward JR;Martinez FJ;Huffnagle GB
尽管“正常肺部没有细菌”的概念在教科书中仍然很常见，但实际上它总是没有引用或论证。肺部不断暴露于来自口咽和其他来源的不同微生物群落，在过去的十年中，新的微生物鉴定的培养独立技术已经揭示了肺部，以前被认为是无菌的健康，拥有不同的微生物群落。在这篇综述中，我们描述了地形和人口动态的呼吸道，无论是在健康和改变急性和慢性肺部疾病。我们提供了采样，测序和呼吸微生物群分析的当前技术的调查和审查的技术挑战和争议的领域。我们回顾和综合了各种疾病中已知的肺微生物群，并确定了在疾病状态下学到的关键经验教训。
Although the notion that “the normal lung is free from bacteria” remains common in textbooks, it is virtually always stated without citation or argument. The lungs are constantly exposed to diverse communities of microbes from the oropharynx and other sources, and over the past decade, novel culture-independent techniques of microbial identification have revealed that the lungs, previously considered sterile in health, harbor diverse communities of microbes. In this review, we describe the topography and population dynamics of the respiratory tract, both in health and as altered by acute and chronic lung disease. We provide a survey of current techniques of sampling, sequencing, and analysis of respiratory microbiota and review technical challenges and controversies in the field. We review and synthesize what is known about lung microbiota in various diseases and identify key lessons learned across disease states.