Food security and food practices in later life: a new model of vulnerability
Food security and food practices in later life: a new model of vulnerability
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DOI：
10.1017/s0144686x20002020
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发表时间：
2021-02-24
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Halliday, Sue Vaux
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dickinson, Angela;Wills, Wendy;Halliday, Sue Vaux
老年人特别容易营养不良，目前在联合王国有130万65岁以上的人受到影响。营养不良是粮食不安全的结果，尽管人口变化导致老年人人数增加，但我们对老年人如何容易受到粮食不安全的影响知之甚少。因此，本研究的目的是探讨老年人的日常饮食习惯，以揭示地方和国家粮食系统的优势和挑战，并更好地了解粮食不安全如何可能出现在晚年生活中。这项实证研究采用多方法人种学方法对25个年龄在60-94岁的家庭进行了实践理论的操作，包括访谈，观察，视觉方法和食物日志。由Schroder-Butterfill和Marianti开发的脆弱性模型框架数据收集和分析。分析揭示了老年家庭用来保护自己免受粮食安全威胁的资产和适应措施。从变化到身心健康的各种因素，以及超市设计等结构性因素，使家庭陷入粮食无保障的境地。日常生活中的小“琐事”，例如超市里没有座位和无障碍厕所，累积起来使人们变得脆弱。脆弱性是由惯习构成的，但它是一种流动的、关系的、暂时的和社会建构的状态，人们会走向和远离脆弱性。我们已经开发出一个模型，适应这种流动性，纳入了“累积琐事”的概念，并建议如何“边际收益的聚合”可以抵消和解决微不足道的威胁。这一模式向决策者和公共卫生工作者展示了粮食不安全的脆弱性如何运作，以及在哪些方面可以采取干预措施，以支持家庭实现粮食安全，避免营养不良。
The older population is particularly susceptible to malnutrition, which currently affects 1.3 million people aged 65+ in the United Kingdom. Malnutrition is an outcome of food insecurity and despite demographic changes that have led to a rise in numbers of older people, we know very little about how older people become vulnerable to food insecurity. The aim of this study was therefore to explore older people's everyday food practices in order to expose the strengths and challenges within local and national food systems, and better understand how food insecurity might arise in later life. This empirical study operationalised practice theory using a multi-method ethnographic approach with 25 households aged 60-94 years, comprising interviews, observation, visual methods and food logs. A model of vulnerability developed by Schroder-Butterfill and Marianti framed data collection and analysis. Analysis revealed the assets and adaptations older households used to protect themselves from threats to food security. Factors ranging from changes to physical and mental health, and structural factors such as supermarket design, moved households towards food insecurity. Smaller everyday 'trivia', e.g. lack of seating and accessible toilets in supermarkets, accumulated to shift people towards vulnerability. Vulnerability is structured by the habitus but is a fluid, relational, temporal and socially constructed state, and people moved towards and away from vulnerability. We have developed a model that accommodates this fluidity, incorporates the concept of 'cumulative trivia' and suggests how the 'aggregation of marginal gains' could counter-balance and address trivial threats. This model demonstrates to policy makers and those working in public health how vulnerability to food insecurity operates and where interventions could be applied to support households to achieve food security and avoid becoming malnourished.