On the role of figural organization perceptual transparency
On the role of figural organization perceptual transparency
复制标题
论形象组织感知透明度的作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Ivry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Beck;R. Ivry
梅特利(1974)作出了重要贡献，他确定了强度模式的顺序和大小限制，并表明当他们满意时，透明度的感觉很容易发生。这些限制源于透明度的物理模型。我们认为，视觉系统不使用强度信息来计算透射率和反射率的指数，类似于光学工程师在描述透明度的物理实例时可能会做的事情。相反，亮度模式影响感知透明度，就像几何特性一样，是通过将组织强加于感觉信息的过程，而不是通过恢复定量描述的过程。在没有深度线索的情况下，如立体视觉和运动视差，当图案中的亮度关系有利于感觉到x-结点上的连续边界时，就会产生透明度的感觉。我们提出了两种违反顺序和幅度限制的证据：简单和强烈。透明度判决虽然数量减少，但仍然发生在简单违反秩序和规模限制的情况下。对于严重的违规行为，透明度判决相对较少发生。透明度的物理模型未能捕捉到简单和强烈违反秩序和规模限制之间的区别。我们讨论(1)区分简单和强烈违反顺序和幅度限制的基础，(2)简单和强烈违反对透明度感知的影响，以及(3)具有和不具有颜色恒定的透明度的发生(即，透过透明表面看到的颜色看起来或看起来不像直接看到的颜色)。
Metelli (1974) made an important contribution by identifying order and magnitude restrictions for a pattern of intensities and showing that when they are satisfied the perception of transparency readily occurs. These restrictions were derived from a physical model of transparency. We argue that the visual system does not use intensity information to compute indices of transmittance and reflectance analogous to what an optical engineer might do in describing a physical instance of transparency. Rather, a lightness pattern affects perceptual transparency, just as geometric properties do, through processes that impose an organization on sensory information rather than through processes that recover quantitative descriptions. In the absence of depth cues, such as stereopsis and motion parallax, the perception of transparency occurs when the lightness relations in a pattern favor the perception of a continuous boundary across x-junctions. We present evidence for two kinds of violations of the order and magnitude restrictions: simple and strong. Transparency judgments, although reduced in number, still occur for simple violations of the order and the magnitude restrictions. Transparency judgments occur relatively infrequently for strong violations. A physical model of transparency fails to capture the difference between simple and strong violations of the order and magnitude restrictions. We discuss (1) the basis for differentiating between simple and strong violations of the order and magnitude restrictions, (2) the effect simple and strong violations have on the perception of transparency, and (3) the occurrence of transparency with and without color constancy (i.e., the color seen through the transparent surface looks or fails to look the same as the color seen directly).