Politics, Research Design, and the 'Architecture' of Criminal Careers Studies
Politics, Research Design, and the 'Architecture' of Criminal Careers Studies
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政治、研究设计和犯罪职业研究的“架构”
DOI：
10.1093/bjc/azab033
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Farrall S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farrall S
犯罪生涯研究即使不是犯罪学的基础，也是犯罪学的基础之一。它仍然是犯罪学研究的关键焦点，并包含了社会学，心理学，精神病学以及城市和社区研究的思想和理论。尽管可能被称为“犯罪学事业”（包括受害者学、监狱研究、惩罚、威慑和环境犯罪学）的领域不断扩大，犯罪生涯（现在分为开始、持续和停止的研究）仍然是犯罪学的一个关键板块。本文对犯罪生涯纵向研究的研究设计提出了批评，认为犯罪生涯研究中一个关键的解释因素一直被忽视，部分原因是这种研究的研究设计。在关注出于政治动机的经济政策变化和由此产生的工业基础重组的作用时，我以经验上将个人的犯罪生涯与政治联系起来，这是以前很少有人做过的。本文就如何改进犯罪生涯的实证研究提出了一系列建议。
Criminal careers research is one of the bedrocks—if not the bedrock—of criminology. It remains a key focal point of criminological research and has embraced ideas and theories from sociology, psychology, psychiatry and urban and community studies. Despite the widening of the landscape of what might be termed ‘the criminological enterprise’ (to include victimology, prisons research, punishment, deterrence and environmental criminology), criminal careers (now differentiated into studies of onset, persistence and desistance) remains a key plank of criminology. This article critiques the research design of longitudinal studies of criminal careers, arguing that a key explanatory factor has been consistently overlooked in criminal careers research due, in part, to the research design of such studies. In focussing on the role of politically motivated changes to economic policies and the restructuring of the industrial base this produced, I empirically relate individual offending careers to politics in ways very few have done before. The article touches upon a series of suggestions for how empirical studies of criminal careers might be improved.