Community-Level Responses to Iron Availability in Open Ocean Plankton Ecosystems
Community-Level Responses to Iron Availability in Open Ocean Plankton Ecosystems
复制标题
DOI：
10.1029/2018gb006022
复制
发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Weissenbach, Jean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caputi, Luigi;Carradec, Quentin;Weissenbach, Jean
浮游生物对必需营养盐变化的预测反应受到原位测量有限、对群落组成了解不足以及缺乏关键类群的参考基因目录的阻碍。铁是浮游生物动态的关键驱动因素，因此也是全球地球化学循环和气候的关键驱动因素。为了评估铁的可利用性对浮游生物群落的影响，我们探讨了全面的生物海洋学和生物组学数据集从塔拉海洋的背景下，铁产品从两个国家的最先进的全球尺度地球化学模型。我们获得了新的信息适应和驯化对铁的浮游植物，包括picocyanobacteria和硅藻的范围，并确定了整个亚群落与铁共变。许多观察到的全球模式在马克萨斯群岛，频繁的浮游生物水华被认为是由自然铁施肥引起的，虽然他们没有捕捉到大规模的海洋地球化学模型。这项工作提供了一个概念的证明，综合分析，从基因到生态系统和病毒浮游动物，可以解开浮游生物群落的复杂性，并可以导致更准确的配方的资源生物利用度在海洋地球化学模型，从而提高我们的理解浮游生物的弹性在不断变化的环境。根据约翰·马丁的铁假说，用铁覆盖海洋可以显著增加光合作用活性，从而代表了一种生物手段来对抗全球变暖。然而，虽然有一个不断增长的知识，铁是如何分布在海洋中，其在海洋光合作用的硅藻和蓝藻等群体的细胞过程中的作用，少有人知道铁的可用性如何塑造浮游生物群落和他们如何应对it.In目前的工作，我们利用最近发表的塔拉海洋数据集来解决这些问题。我们首先定义了与海洋中铁的可用性共同变化的共生生物的特定亚群落。然后，我们确定了特定的模式，适应和驯化铁在不同群体的浮游植物。最后，我们验证了我们的全球结果在当地规模，特别是在马克萨斯群岛，那里经常性的浮游植物水华被认为是铁施肥的结果。通过将全球数据与本地化响应相结合，我们提供了一个框架，用于了解浮游生物生态系统在不断变化的环境中的弹性。
Predicting responses of plankton to variations in essential nutrients is hampered by limited in situ measurements, a poor understanding of community composition, and the lack of reference gene catalogs for key taxa. Iron is a key driver of plankton dynamics and, therefore, of global biogeochemical cycles and climate. To assess the impact of iron availability on plankton communities, we explored the comprehensive bio-oceanographic and bio-omics data sets from Tara Oceans in the context of the iron products from two state-of-the-art global scale biogeochemical models. We obtained novel information about adaptation and acclimation toward iron in a range of phytoplankton, including picocyanobacteria and diatoms, and identified whole subcommunities covarying with iron. Many of the observed global patterns were recapitulated in the Marquesas archipelago, where frequent plankton blooms are believed to be caused by natural iron fertilization, although they are not captured in large-scale biogeochemical models. This work provides a proof of concept that integrative analyses, spanning from genes to ecosystems and viruses to zooplankton, can disentangle the complexity of plankton communities and can lead to more accurate formulations of resource bioavailability in biogeochemical models, thus improving our understanding of plankton resilience in a changing environment.Plain Language Summary Marine phytoplankton require iron for their growth and proliferation. According to John Martin's iron hypothesis, fertilizing the ocean with iron could dramatically increase photosynthetic activity, thus representing a biological means to counteract global warming. However, while there is a constantly growing knowledge of how iron is distributed in the ocean and about its role in cellular processes in marine photosynthetic groups such as diatoms and cyanobacteria, less is known about how iron availability shapes plankton communities and how they respond to it. In the present work, we exploited recently published Tara Oceans data sets to address these questions. We first defined specific subcommunities of co-occurring organisms that co-vary with iron availability in the oceans. We then identified specific patterns of adaptation and acclimation to iron in different groups of phytoplankton. Finally, we validated our global results at local scale, specifically in the Marquesas archipelago, where recurrent phytoplankton blooms arc believed to be a result of iron fertilization. By integrating global data with a localized response, we provide a framework for understanding the resilience of plankton ecosystems in a changing environment.