Surface functional groups and sp3/sp2 hybridization ratios of in-cylinder soot from a diesel engine fueled with n-heptane and n-heptane/toluene
Surface functional groups and sp3/sp2 hybridization ratios of in-cylinder soot from a diesel engine fueled with n-heptane and n-heptane/toluene
复制标题
正庚烷和正庚烷/甲苯柴油机缸内烟灰的表面官能团和sp3/sp2杂化比
作者：
刘野;宋崇林;吕刚;曹晓峰;王林
以正庚烷和甲苯/正庚烷混合物(甲苯体积分数为20%)为燃料，比较了重型柴油机气缸内碳烟样品的表面官能团(SFG)种类、浓度和SP3/SP2杂化比。从全气缸采样系统中采集气缸内碳烟样品，并用傅立叶变换红外光谱和X射线光电子能谱分析了SFGs和SP3/Sp2杂化比。尽管燃料配方不同，但正庚烷和正庚烷/甲苯碳烟在燃烧过程中SFGs浓度和SP3/SP2杂化比的变化趋势相似。然而，在正庚烷中加入甲苯可以增加所有SFGs的浓度以及SP3/Sp2杂交比。正庚烷和正庚烷/甲苯碳烟的CAOH和C@O基团浓度在整个燃烧过程中均呈双峰分布，分别在预混燃烧阶段和扩散燃烧阶段达到峰值。相反，脂肪族CAH基团的相对数量在预混燃烧阶段减少，在扩散燃烧早期增加，然后在随后的燃烧阶段减少。在燃烧过程中，两种燃料碳烟的SP3/SP2杂化比均呈现先降低后升高的趋势。Sp3/Sp2杂交率与脂肪族CAH的相对浓度有一定的相关性。
This work compared the surface functional group (SFG) types and concentrations and sp3/sp2 hybridization ratios of in-cylinder soot samples generated by a heavy-duty diesel engine when employing n-heptane and a toluene/n-heptane mixture (20% toluene by volume) as the fuels. In-cylinder soot samples were obtained from a total cylinder sampling system, and the SFGs and sp3/sp2 hybridization ratios were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Despite the differences in fuel formulation, both n-heptane and n-heptane/toluene soot exhibited similar trends in terms of changes in the SFGs concentrations and sp3/sp2 hybridization ratios during the combustion process. However, the addition of toluene to the n-heptane was found to increase the concentrations of all SFGs as well as the sp3/sp2 hybridization ratio. The CAOH and C@O group concentrations exhibited a bimodal distribution for both the n-heptane and n-heptane/toluene soot throughout the combustion process, with the concentrations peaking in the premixed and diffusion combustion phases, respectively. In contrast, the relative amounts of aliphatic CAH groups decreased in the premixed combustion phase, increased in the early diffusion combustion phase, and then decreased in the subsequent combustion phase. The sp3/sp2 hybridization ratios obtained from both fuel soot were observed to initially decrease, then to increase before a decrease during the combustion process. There was a definite correlation between the sp3/sp2 hybridization ratio and the relative concentration of aliphatic CAH groups.
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