Water Demand and the Welfare Effects of Connection: Empirical Evidence from Cambodia
Water Demand and the Welfare Effects of Connection: Empirical Evidence from Cambodia
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水需求和联系的福利效应：来自柬埔寨的经验证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Isham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marcello Basani;B. Reilly;J. Isham
利用柬埔寨7个省级城镇的横截面户级数据，我们估算了联网家庭的用水需求方程，并对自来水联网的经济价值进行了实证测算。使用两步计量经济学程序使我们能够分析与家庭获得水和家庭用水量有关的问题。我们估计，与一次性接通初始成本相关的接水弹性为-0.39；已接通家庭的用水需求价格弹性介于-0.4至-0.5之间；接水的福利效应约为贫困未接通家庭实际支出的17%。此外，为样本中的所有家庭提供网络连接将产生分配后果，即估计基尼系数减少3个百分点，贫困人口比率减少6个百分点。
Using cross-sectional household-level data from seven provincial Cambodian towns, we estimate a water demand equation for households connected to the network, and provide an empirical measurement of the economic value of tap water connection. The use of a two-step econometric procedure allows us to analyse issues relating to household access to water and to the volume of household water consumption. We estimate that the connection elasticity with respect to the one-off initial cost of connection is -0.39; the price elasticity of water demand for the connected households lies in a range between -0.4 and -0.5; and the welfare effects of water connection are approximately 17 percent of the actual expenditure of the poor unconnected households. Furthermore, providing a network connection to all households in the sample would have the distributional consequences of decreasing the estimated Gini coefficient by three percentage points and the poverty head-count ratio by six percentage points.