Adolescents, peers, and motor vehicles - The perfect storm?
Adolescents, peers, and motor vehicles - The perfect storm?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2008.06.017
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Brown, B. Bradford
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen, Joseph P.;Brown, B. Bradford
机动车碰撞事故是青少年死亡的主要原因，并且在许多情况下似乎与同伴对青少年驾驶行为的负面影响有关。本文探讨了一系列可能增加青少年驾驶相关风险的发育和结构因素。青少年的发育风险因素包括从事异常和危险行为的倾向、取悦同龄人的愿望，以及青少年因驾驶时的行为而疏远同龄人的潜在成本。驾驶情境的结构特征会造成同伴对驾驶行为产生负面影响的风险，包括青少年无法正视可能给他们施加压力的同伴、注意力分散、需要在可能不重视传统行为的同龄人中以传统方式行事，以及同龄人对他们提倡的任何危险驾驶的影响缺乏责任感。考虑了一系列潜在的同伴影响，包括被动和主动的分心以及对驾驶的直接干扰，以及更积极的影响，例如良好驾驶行为的同伴建模和良好驾驶的积极强化。尽管同龄人造成的风险因素范围很大，但这个范围提出了许多有希望的干预目标，以改善青少年驾驶安全。
Motor-vehicle crashes are a leading cause of death among teenagers and in many instances appear linked to negative peer influences oil adolescent driving behavior. This article examines a range of developmental and structural factors that potentially increase the risks associated with adolescent driving Developmental risk factors for adolescents include a propensity toward engaging in deviant and risky behavior, a desire to please peers, and the potential cost to an adolescent of alienating peers with his or her behavior while driving. Structural features of the driving Situation that create risks for negative peer influences on driving behavior include the inability of adolescents to look at peers who may be pressuring them, divided attention, the need to behave in a conventional manner among peers who may not value conventional behavior, and the lack of accountability by peers for the effects of any risky driving they promote. A range of potential peer influences are considered, including passive and active distraction and direct disruption of driving, as well as more positive influences, such as peer modeling of good driving behavior and positive reinforcement of good driving. Although the range of risk factors created by peers is large, this range presents a number of promising targets for intervention to improve teen driving safety.