Prolonged mechanical and physiological changes in the upper extremity following short-term simulated power hand tool use.
Prolonged mechanical and physiological changes in the upper extremity following short-term simulated power hand tool use.
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短期模拟电动手动工具使用后上肢出现长期机械和生理变化。
DOI：
10.1080/00140130802480877
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Radwin,RobertG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chourasia,AmrishO;Sesto,MaryE;Block,WalterF;Radwin,RobertG
本研究研究了短期电动手工具操作后上肢动态力学性能和磁共振成像（MRI）参数的体内变化。先前的研究发现，在长时间的组装过程中，短期使用电动工具会降低机械性能。本研究通过让参与者操作模拟手枪握力手工具，并在工具操作前和工具操作后每天3天评估其机械性能、强度、不适程度和MRI的变化来推进这项工作。24名参与者被随机分配操作模拟电动手工具，在峰值反作用力123牛（峰值扭矩= 8纳米，构建时间= 250毫秒）或低峰值反作用力5牛（峰值扭矩= 2纳米，构建时间= 50毫秒）的情况下操作。受试者以每分钟6次的速度操作刀具60分钟。在刀具操作24小时后观察到高强度组的刚度降低（27%,p< 0.05），并且这种变化持续到刀具操作后72小时（26%,p< 0.05）。低力组没有观察到类似的变化。两组的质量惯性矩、阻尼、等距强度和阻尼均无变化（p> 0.05）。工具操作后24 h，两组的旋后肌MRI信号强度均升高（12%,CI 19%, 5.06%），但在工具操作后72 h，只有强力组仍升高（10%,CI 13.7%, 0.06%）。在高强度水平下，机械和MRI参数的持续短期变化可能表明上肢的应变增加，并可能对上肢快速强负荷时的反应能力产生负面影响。这项研究最终可以通过定量的手动工具设计指南和工作实践来实现更好的人体工程学干预，这些指南和实践基于对暴露于特定水平的反作用力、积累时间和重复的破坏性影响的理解，并为流行病学研究提供新的结果测量方法。
This study investigatedin-vivochanges in upper limb dynamic mechanical properties and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters following short-term power hand tool operation. Previous studies have found reduction in mechanical properties following short-term power tool usage at long build-up times. This study advances that work by having participants operate a simulated pistol grip power hand tool and evaluating changes in mechanical properties, strength, discomfort level and MRI prior to tool operation and daily for 3 d after tool operation. Twenty-four participants were randomly assigned to operate a simulated power hand tool for either a high peak reaction force of 123 N (peak torque = 8 Nm, build-up time = 250 ms) or at a low peak reaction force of 5 N (peak torque = 2 Nm, build-up time = 50 ms). Subjects operated the tool for 60 min at the rate of six times per min. A reduction in stiffness (27%,p< 0.05) was observed 24 h after tool operation for the high force group and this change persisted (26%,p< 0.05) up to 72 h after tool operation. Similar changes were not observed for the low force group. No changes were observed in mass moment of inertia, damping, isometric strength and damping for either group (p> 0.05). There was a signal intensity increase (12%, CI 19%, 5.06%) in the supinator muscle MRI for both groups 24 h after tool operation but only the high force group remained elevated (10%, CI 13.7%, 0.06%) 72 h after tool operation. Persistent short-term changes in mechanical and MRI parameters at high force levels could indicate increased strain on the upper limb and may negatively affect ability to react during rapid forceful loading of the upper limb. This research can ultimately lead to better ergonomic interventions through quantitative power hand tool design guidelines and work practices based on understanding the damaging effects of exposure to specific levels of reaction force, build-up time and repetition, as well as providing new outcome measures for epidemiological studies.