Genomic Determination of Reproductive Mode in Facultatively Parthenogenetic Opiliones.
Genomic Determination of Reproductive Mode in Facultatively Parthenogenetic Opiliones.
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DOI：
10.1093/jhered/esaa045
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tyler A Brown;N. Tsurusaki;Mercedes Burns
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文献类型：
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作者：
Tyler A Brown;N. Tsurusaki;Mercedes Burns
有性生殖可能会给雌性带来无数的短期成本。尽管有这些代价，有性生殖几乎无处不在。兼性单性生殖理论上可以减轻一些性行为的成本，因为个体可以偶尔参与性行为以限制成本，同时获得许多好处。然而，大多数理论模型假设有性生殖是固定的交配后，没有可能的离合器的混合生殖个体发育。因此，我们要求：如果强制性雄性在兼性单性生殖群体中出现的频率很高，那么它们的窝是完全由有性生殖产生的，还是有有性生殖和无性生殖产生后代的证据？他们的后代生产将如何与低频率男性群体中的同种物种进行比较？本研究通过采集具单性生殖能力的海象种Leiobunum manubriatum和L. globosum。在洛manubriatum，女性人口与少数男性并没有显着更多的生育能力比女性人口与男性相对频率较高，尽管潜在的释放，前者从性冲突。我们使用了3种基因分型方法沿着和一套定制的DNA捕获探针来揭示L.来自这些高雄性群体的Manbriatum主要通过无性生殖产生。这是令人惊讶的，因为在这些南方人口的性别比例接近平等，增加了女性遇到配偶和生育后代的可能性。我们还发现了种群内生殖多态性的证据。快速和准确的SNP基因分型数据将继续使我们能够解决更广泛的进化问题，即兼性生殖模式在维持性别方面的作用。
Sexual reproduction may pose myriad short-term costs to females. Despite these costs, sexual reproduction is near ubiquitous. Facultative parthenogenesis is theorized to mitigate some of the costs of sex, as individuals can participate in occasional sex to limit costs while obtaining many benefits. However, most theoretical models assume sexual reproduction is fixed following mating, with no possibility of clutches of mixed reproductive ontogeny. Therefore, we asked: if coercive males are present at high frequency in a population of facultative parthenogens, will their clutches be solely sexually produced, or will there be evidence of sexually and asexually-produced offspring? How will their offspring production compare to conspecifics in low-frequency male populations? We addressed our questions by collecting females and egg clutches of the facultatively parthenogenetic Opiliones species Leiobunum manubriatum and L. globosum. In L. manubriatum, females from populations with few males were not significantly more fecund than females from populations with higher male relative frequency, despite the potential release of the former from sexual conflict. We used 3 genotyping methods along with a custom set of DNA capture probes to reveal that offspring of L. manubriatum from these high male populations were primarily produced via asexual reproduction. This is surprising because sex ratios in these southern populations approach equality, increasing the probability for females to encounter mates and produce offspring sexually. We additionally found evidence for reproductive polymorphisms within populations. Rapid and accurate SNP genotyping data will continue to allow us to address broader evolutionary questions regarding the role of facultative reproductive modes in the maintenance of sex.