Adaptive optics for high-resolution imaging
Adaptive optics for high-resolution imaging
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DOI：
10.1038/s43586-021-00066-7
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发表时间：
2021-10-14
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Booth, Martin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hampson, Karen M.;Turcotte, Raphael;Booth, Martin J.
自适应光学（AO）是一种校正光学像差的技术。它最初是为了校正大气湍流对地面望远镜图像的模糊影响而提出的，并在导致诺贝尔奖获得者发现银河系中心超大质量致密物体的工作中发挥了重要作用。当AO用于校正眼睛的不完美光学时，可以检测到细胞水平的视网膜变化，使我们能够研究视觉系统的操作并在微观领域评估眼睛健康。通过校正显微镜中样品引起的模糊，AO已经突破了厚组织标本成像的界限，例如在观察大脑中的神经元过程时。在这篇文章中，我们重点介绍了AO在天文学、视觉科学和显微镜中的高分辨率成像应用。我们开始与AO的一般原则和它的主要组成部分，其中包括方法来测量像差，像差校正设备，以及这些组件是如何在操作中连接的概述。我们目前的结果和应用，从每个领域沿着与再现性的考虑和限制。最后，我们讨论了未来的方向。
Adaptive optics (AO) is a technique that corrects for optical aberrations. It was originally proposed to correct for the blurring effect of atmospheric turbulence on images in ground-based telescopes and was instrumental in the work that resulted in the Nobel prize-winning discovery of a supermassive compact object at the centre of our galaxy. When AO is used to correct for the eye's imperfect optics, retinal changes at the cellular level can be detected, allowing us to study the operation of the visual system and to assess ocular health in the microscopic domain. By correcting for sample-induced blur in microscopy, AO has pushed the boundaries of imaging in thick tissue specimens, such as when observing neuronal processes in the brain. In this primer, we focus on the application of AO for high-resolution imaging in astronomy, vision science and microscopy. We begin with an overview of the general principles of AO and its main components, which include methods to measure the aberrations, devices for aberration correction, and how these components are linked in operation. We present results and applications from each field along with reproducibility considerations and limitations. Finally, we discuss future directions.