Engineering insect resistance using plant specialized metabolites
Engineering insect resistance using plant specialized metabolites
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利用植物特化代谢物工程抗虫性
DOI：
10.1016/j.copbio.2021.03.005
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Jander, Georg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou, Shaoqun;Jander, Georg
植物的化学防御系统可以有效地抵御非专业的植食性昆虫。基因工程可以导致产生新的化学防御系统，从而增强对植食性昆虫的抗性。通过转移，修饰和改变植物代谢途径的调节，可以增强对害虫的抗性。未知的生物合成途径，不足的工具，不经意间，昆虫的作用限制了抗虫基因工程的发展，代谢途径的阐明和新的合成生物学工具的发展将促进抗虫基因工程的发展被各种各样的特殊代谢物所控制虽然昆虫食草动物通常容忍其首选宿主植物的防御代谢物，但在其他密切相关的植物物种中存在额外的化学防御仍然可以提供抗性。这种对昆虫植食性的化学抗性可以通过基因工程来增强，以增加内源防御代谢物的产生，修改现有的生化途径，或将全新类别的专门代谢物的生物合成转移到受体植物中。然而，目前的植物基因工程策略受到以下因素的限制：对植物特化代谢的生物合成途径的认识不足，重定向植物代谢导致的意外副作用，不充分的转基因构建和递送方法，以及对防御代谢物的组织特异性生产以增强草食动物抗性的要求。
HighlightsPlant chemical defenses provide effective protection against non-specialist herbivores.Genetic engineering can lead to the production of novel chemical defenses and thereby enhanced resistance to insect herbivores.Pest resistance can be enhanced by transfer, modification, and altered regulation of plant metabolic pathways.Unknown biosynthetic pathways, inadequate tools, and unintended side-effects limit genetic engineering for pest resistance.Progress in metabolic pathway elucidation and novel synthetic biology tools will advance engineering of insect resistance.Plants in nature are protected against insect herbivory by a wide variety of specialized metabolites. Although insect herbivores generally tolerate the defensive metabolites of their preferred host plants, the presence of additional chemical defenses in otherwise closely related plant species can nevertheless provide resistance. This chemical resistance to insect herbivory can be enhanced by genetic engineering to increase the production of endogenous defensive metabolites, modify existing biochemical pathways, or move the biosynthesis of entirely new classes of specialized metabolites into recipient plants. However, current plant genetic engineering strategies are limited by insufficient knowledge of the biosynthetic pathways of plant specialized metabolism, unintended side-effects that result from redirecting plant metabolism, inadequate transgene construction and delivery methods, and requirements for tissue-specific production of defensive metabolites to enhance herbivore resistance.