Energy intensity in the iron and steel industry: a comparison of physical and economic indicators
Energy intensity in the iron and steel industry: a comparison of physical and economic indicators
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DOI：
10.1016/s0301-4215(97)00064-5
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发表时间：
1997-06
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
E. Worrell;L. Price;N. Martin;J. Farla;R. Schaeffer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Worrell;L. Price;N. Martin;J. Farla;R. Schaeffer
研究了1980-1991年期间七个国家（巴西、中国、法国、德国、日本、波兰和美国）钢铁工业的能源消耗情况。使用基于工艺类型和产品组合的物理指标的分解分析，我们分解了部门内的结构变化和效率改进。除波兰外，所有国家的具体能源消费量均有所下降。在巴西、中国、德国和美国，提高能效发挥了关键作用，而在法国和日本，结构性改革是节能的主要推动力。我们还比较了各种经济指标与物理指标的使用情况，发现它们不能很好地跟踪波兰或我们研究的发展中国家的物理发展。在工业化国家，以增值为基础的能源强度指标一般比其他经济指标更能反映具体的能源消耗情况，尽管个别年份的差别很大。我们发现其他经济指标（总产出和货值）与特定能源消耗之间的相关性较小。我们的结论是，物理能源强度指标的使用提高了国家之间的可比性，为政策制定者提供了更多关于部门内结构变化的信息，并为观察到的能源强度变化提供了详细的解释。
Energy consumption of the iron and steel industry is examined in seven countries (Brazil, China, France, Germany, Japan, Poland and the United States) for the period 1980–1991. Using a decomposition analysis based on physical indicators for process type and product mix, we decompose intra-sectoral structural changes and efficiency improvements. Specific energy consumption decreased in all countries except Poland. Efficiency improvement played a key role in Brazil, China, Germany and the US, while structural changes were the main driver for energy savings in France and Japan. We also compare the use of various economic indicators to physical indicators and find that they do not track physical developments well in Poland or the developing countries we studied. In the industrialized countries, value added based energy intensity indicators generally reflect the specific energy consumption better than other economic indicators, although large differences occur in individual years. We found a smaller correlation between other economic indicators (gross output and value of shipments) and specific energy consumption. We conclude that use of physical energy intensity indicators improves comparability between countries, provides greater information for policy-makers regarding intra-sectoral structural changes, and provides detailed explanations for observed changes in energy intensity.