Two ways to display: male hummingbirds show different color-display tactics based on sun orientation
Two ways to display: male hummingbirds show different color-display tactics based on sun orientation
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/ary016
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
McGraw, Kevin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simpson, Richard K.;McGraw, Kevin J.
动物的装饰品和求爱行为多种多样，它们经常同时出现，并被用于交流。感觉驱动假说认为，这些特征的进化和变化是由于彼此、环境和信号接受者之间的相互作用。然而，五颜六色的装饰品和求爱行为之间的相互作用，特别是与环境变化有关的相互作用，仍然知之甚少。我们研究了宽尾蜂鸟在求偶飞行(穿梭飞行)过程中的雄性彩虹羽毛(金丝雀)、展示行为和太阳方位，以了解这些特征如何在空间和时间上相互作用，产生雄性的颜色。我们还根据雄鸟的羽毛、行为和形态特征，测试了它们的羽毛颜色在雄鸟之间的差异。与以前对其他动物的研究相比，我们发现，展示雄性并不是定向地面对太阳，而是展示在太阳方位角的连续体上。在展示过程中倾向于面对太阳的雄性金枪鱼看起来更鲜艳(即表现出更大的颜色/亮度变化)、更明亮、更五颜六色，而倾向于不面对太阳的雄性金枪鱼的金字塔反射更稳定(即颜色变化很小)，具有更强的紫外线反射率。我们发现，产生一致颜色的雄性金枪鱼有更大的金枪鱼，而金枪鱼颜色更鲜艳的雄性金枪鱼更能保持它们对雌性的定向角度。我们的研究说明了视觉特征是如何以复杂的方式与彼此和环境相互作用的，以及同一物种的雄性如何使用多种策略来动态显示它们的颜色。
Animals exhibit a diversity of ornaments and courtship behaviors, which often co-occur and are used for communication. The sensory drive hypothesis states that these traits evolved and vary due to interactions with each other, the environment, and signal receiver. However, interactions between colorful ornaments and courtship behaviors, specifically in relation to environmental variation, remain poorly understood. We studied male iridescent plumage (gorgets), display behavior, and sun orientation during courtship flights (shuttle displays) in broad-tailed hummingbirds (Selasphorus platycercus), to understand how these traits interact in both space and time to produce the perceived coloration of males. We also tested how gorget coloration varies among males based on their plumage, behavioral, and morphological characteristics. In contrast with previous work on other animals, we found that displaying males did not directionally face the sun, but instead displayed on a continuum of solar orientation angles. The gorgets of males who tended to face the sun during their displays appeared flashier (i.e., exhibited greater color/brightness changes), brighter, and more colorful, whereas the gorgets of males who tended to not face the sun were more consistently reflective (i.e., little color change) and had greater UV reflectance. We found that males who produced consistent colors had larger gorgets, whereas males with flashier gorgets were better able to maintain their angles of orientation toward the female. Our study illustrates how visual traits interact in complex ways with each other and the environment and how males of the same species can use multiple tactics to dynamically display their coloration.