Effects of forest conversions to oil palm plantations on freshwater macroinvertebrates: a case study from Sarawak, Malaysia
Effects of forest conversions to oil palm plantations on freshwater macroinvertebrates: a case study from Sarawak, Malaysia
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森林转变为油棕种植园对淡水大型无脊椎动物的影响：马来西亚沙捞越州的案例研究
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Sayok
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Mercer;T. Mercer;A. Sayok
由于全球石油和生物燃料的需求，马来西亚的油棕种植园正在迅速扩大。这一点特别令人关切，因为将林地转变为油棕榈种植园的过程和种植园的维护可大大改变淡水生态系统。这是森林集水区，特别是河岸植被的最初损失、河床和河岸的变化、沉积和碎屑投入的变化造成的。此外，种植园使用的各种化学品渗入最近的水道，可能会影响淡水大型无脊椎动物。在马来西亚地区，这些主要是地方性的，一般不完全知道。本研究通过比较四个流经未受干扰的热带雨林和四个流经马来西亚沙捞越州油棕种植园的溪流，评估油棕种植园对溪流大型无脊椎动物的影响。淡水大型无脊椎动物的采样使用标准的三分钟踢样方法与伴随的化学测量。虽然控制和油棕榈流的化学数据之间没有明显的差异，无脊椎动物群落提供了一个不同的解释流质量。无脊椎动物更丰富，物种丰富和多样性的雨林溪流比油棕榈的。最值得注意的是，两个完整的昆虫目，鞘翅目（甲虫）和半翅目（真正的错误），没有从油棕榈流。这可能是自然河岸栖息地消失的结果，对针对犀牛甲虫（Oryctes rhinoceros）的杀虫剂的敏感性，或两者兼而有之。
Oil palm plantations in Malaysia are expanding rapidly due to global oil and biofuel demand. This is of particular concern, as the conversion process of forested land to oil palm plantations and the maintenance of a plantation can significantly alter freshwater ecosystems. This is a result of the initial loss of a forested catchment, particularly the riparian vegetation, changes to the bed and banks of streams, sedimentation and changes to detrital inputs. In addition, various chemicals used on the plantations leach into the nearest waterways and can potentially affect freshwater macroinvertebrates. In the Malaysian region, these are largely endemic and generally incompletely known. This study assesses the impact of oil palm plantations on stream macroinvertebrates by comparing four steams flowing through undisturbed rainforest and four streams flowing through oil palm plantations in Sarawak, Malaysia. Freshwater macroinvertebrates were sampled using the standard three-minute kick sample method with accompanying chemical measurements. Although there were no distinct differences between the control and oil palm streams in the chemical data, the invertebrate communities provided a different interpretation of stream quality. Invertebrates were more abundant, species rich and diverse in rainforest streams than in oil palm ones. Most noticeably, two whole orders of insecta, Coleoptera (beetles) and Hemiptera (true bugs), were absent from the oil palm streams. This may be the result of the disappearance of natural bank habitats, the sensitivity to the pesticides targeted at the Rhinocerous beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros), or a combination of both.