Examining social supply among nonmedical prescription stimulant users in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Examining social supply among nonmedical prescription stimulant users in the San Francisco Bay Area.
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检查旧金山湾区非医疗处方兴奋剂使用者的社会供应。
DOI：
10.1016/j.drugpo.2017.11.015
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lau,Nicholas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murphy,Fiona;Murphy,Sheigla;Sales,Paloma;Lau,Nicholas
在美国，处方兴奋剂用于治疗各种疾病，包括注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和嗜睡症。在过去的二十年里，兴奋剂处方的急剧增加导致了更大的可用性和转移和非医疗用途的风险增加。我们自己和其他调查人员的调查结果表明，许多毒品“供应商”并不符合毒品“经销商”的传统形象。这些供应商通常不把自己称为“经销商”，而是把他们的药品分销理解为与他们认识的人分享。Coomber及其同事（2007; 2013）的“社会供应”概念提出了一个问题：当朋友向朋友提供或协助向朋友提供毒品时，这真的是交易吗？此外，如果买卖和供应是不同种类的社会交易，是否应适用不同类型的刑事司法办法？社会供应扩展了我们对毒品交易作为一种复杂的社会活动的理解。在这篇文章中，我们探讨了社会供应的问题，非医疗用户的处方兴奋剂。我们进行了为期36个月的国家药物滥用研究所资助的项目进行定性，混合方法研究的150名成年非医疗处方兴奋剂使用者在旧金山弗朗西斯科湾区。我们探讨交叉因素，包括生命阶段和社会位置，有助于决定使用处方兴奋剂非医疗，使用动机，知识的风险和好处的处方兴奋剂的使用，任何不利的健康或社会后果的经验，可用性，收购和处方兴奋剂的转移，以及态度和行为的差异。对于这项分析，我们依赖于参与者的叙述有关处方兴奋剂的收购做法，以及他们如何理解这些互动，购买，并在他们的社交网络与处方兴奋剂的供应商交流。提交人认为，承认社会供应和“适当”毒品交易之间的区别，将纠正毒品分享和牟取暴利之间的差异，特别是在刑事判决方面。
In the US, prescription stimulants are prescribed for a variety of conditions including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Over the last two decades, dramatic increases in stimulant prescriptions have led to greater availability and increased risk for diversion and nonmedical use. Our own and other investigators' findings indicate that many drug “suppliers” do not fit into the traditional image of drug “dealers.” These suppliers typically do not identify themselves as “dealers,” but instead understand their drug distribution as sharing with people they know. Coomber and colleagues' (2007; 2013) concept of “social supply” raises the question: When friends supply or facilitate supply of drugs to friends, is this really dealing? Further, if dealing and supplying are distinct kinds of social transactions, should different types of criminal justice approaches be applied? Social supply extends our understanding of drug dealing as a complex social activity. In this article, we examine the issue of social supply among nonmedical users of prescription stimulants. We conducted a 36-month National Institute on Drug Abuse-funded project to conduct a qualitative, mixed methods study of 150 adult nonmedical prescription stimulant users in the San Francisco Bay Area. We explore intersecting factors, including life stage and social location, that contribute to decisions to use prescription stimulants nonmedically, motivations to use, knowledge about risks and benefits of prescription stimulant use, any adverse health or social consequences experienced, availability, acquisition and diversion of prescription stimulants, and differences in attitudes and behaviours. For this analysis, we rely on participants' narratives concerning prescription stimulant acquisition practices and how they understood these interactions, purchases, and exchanges with the suppliers of prescription stimulants in their social networks. The authors argue that acknowledging the distinction between social supply and “proper” drug dealing would redress the disparity between drug sharing and profiteering particularly regarding criminal sentencing.