Phonological development in American Sign Language-signing children: Insights from pseudosign repetition tasks.
Phonological development in American Sign Language-signing children: Insights from pseudosign repetition tasks.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2022.921047
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Lillo-Martin, Diane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gu, Shengyun;Pichler, Deborah;Kozak, L. Viola;Lillo-Martin, Diane
关键词：
在这项研究中，我们对 22 名儿童（平均年龄：6;04）进行了伪符号（随机符号）重复任务，从聋哑父母那里习得美国手语 (ASL) 作为第一语言 (L1)。开发了 39 个具有不同复杂性的伪符号，并根据手的数量、同时运动类型的数量和运动序列的数量分为八类。伪符号的手形复杂程度也各不相同。孩子们在 ASL 假手语任务中的表现随着年龄的增长而提高，显示出相对准确的位置和方向（重新）生成，但手形和运动的准确度要低得多，这一发现与 L1 和 L2 手语者的真实手语生成一致。具有较高复杂性的手形与手形参数的较低准确度相关。我们发现顺序和同时运动组合对整体表现的主要影响。没有移动序列的项目的总体精度高于有移动序列的项目。具有两种同时运动类型或单一运动类型的产品的总体精度高于具有三种同时运动类型的产品。最后，手数并不影响整体准确性。值得注意的是，运动序列对手语儿童施加了处理限制，而复杂的手（两只手）和两种同时运动类型并没有显着降低准确性，表明处理手语中多个同时成分的能力。相比之下，口语在时间长度上表现出更大的复杂性。听力儿童的伪词重复对双音节词仍然表现出很高的准确性，复杂性效应仅影响较长的多音节词。我们的结论是，伪符号重复任务是研究手语儿童语音发展的一种信息工具，并揭示了语音发展的潜在模态效应。
In this study, we conducted a pseudosign (nonce sign) repetition task with 22 children (mean age: 6;04) acquiring American Sign Language (ASL) as a first language (L1) from deaf parents. Thirty-nine pseudosigns with varying complexity were developed and organized into eight categories depending on number of hands, number of simultaneous movement types, and number of movement sequences. Pseudosigns also varied in handshape complexity. The children’s performance on the ASL pseudosign task improved with age, displaying relatively accurate (re)production of location and orientation, but much less accurate handshape and movement, a finding in line with real sign productions for both L1 and L2 signers. Handshapes with higher complexity were correlated with lower accuracy in the handshape parameter. We found main effects of sequential and simultaneous movement combinations on overall performance. Items with no movement sequence were produced with higher overall accuracy than those with a movement sequence. Items with two simultaneous movement types or a single movement type were produced with higher overall accuracy than those with three simultaneous movement types. Finally, number of hands did not affect the overall accuracy. Remarkably, movement sequences impose processing constraints on signing children whereas complex hands (two hands) and two simultaneous movement types do not significantly lower accuracy, indicating a capacity for processing multiple simultaneous components in signs. Spoken languages, in contrast, manifest greater complexity in temporal length. Hearing children’s pseudoword repetition still displays high levels of accuracy on disyllabic words, with complexity effects affecting only longer multisyllabic words. We conclude that the pseudosign repetition task is an informative tool for studies of signing children’s phonological development and that sheds light on potential modality effects for phonological development.
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