Herpes simplex virus type 2 in the United States, 1976 TO 1994
Herpes simplex virus type 2 in the United States, 1976 TO 1994
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DOI：
10.1056/nejm199710163371601
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发表时间：
1997-10-16
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
StLouis, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fleming, DT;McQuillan, GM;StLouis, ME
背景 2 型单纯疱疹病毒 (HSV-2) 感染通常通过性传播，并可导致复发性、疼痛的生殖器溃疡。对于新生儿来说，感染可能是致命的。我们调查了美国 HSV-2 感染的血清流行率和相关性，并确定了自 20 世纪 70 年代末以来 HSV-2 血清流行率的变化。 方法 血清样本和问卷数据是在国家健康和营养检查调查 (NHANES) II（1976 年至 1980 年）和 III（1988 年至 1994 年）期间收集的。 HSV-2 抗体采用针对 HSV-2 糖蛋白 gG-2 的特异性免疫点测定进行评估。 结果 从 1988 年到 1994 年，美国 12 岁或以上人群中 HSV-2 的血清阳性率为 21.9%（95% 置信区间，20.2% 至 23.6%），相当于非机构化平民群体中的 4500 万感染者。女性（25.6%）的血清阳性率高于男性（17.8%），黑人（45.9%）的血清阳性率高于白人（17.6%）。在所有血清反应呈阳性的人中，只有不到 10% 的人有生殖器疱疹感染史。在多变量模型中，HSV-2 血清阳性的独立预测因素是女性、黑人种族或墨西哥裔美国人的种族背景、年龄较大、教育程度较低、贫困、可卡因使用以及一生中性伴侣数量较多。与 1976 年至 1980 年期间相比，HSV-2 的年龄调整血清流行率上升了 30%（95% 置信区间，15.8% 至 45.8%）。白人青少年的血清阳性率增加了五倍，二十多岁的白人的血清阳性率增加了一倍。在黑人和老年白人中，增幅较小。 结论 自 20 世纪 70 年代末以来，HSV-2 感染率增加了 30%，现在全国 12 岁或以上的 5 个人中大约有 1 人可检测到 HSV-2。需要改进 HSV-2 感染的预防措施，特别是因为生殖器溃疡可能促进人类免疫缺陷病毒的传播。 (C) 1997 年，马萨诸塞州医学会。
Background Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection is usually transmitted sexually and can cause recurrent, painful genital ulcers. In neonates the infection is potentially lethal. We investigated the seroprevalence and correlates of HSV-2 infection in the United States and identified changes in HSV-2 seroprevalence since the late 1970s.Methods Serum samples and questionnaire data were collected during the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) II (1976 to 1980) and III (1988 to 1994). HSV-2 antibody was assessed with an immunodot assay specific for glycoprotein gG-2 of HSV-2.Results From 1988 to 1994, the seroprevalence of HSV-2 in persons 12 years of age or older in the United States was 21.9 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 20.2 to 23.6 percent), corresponding to 45 million infected people in the noninstitutionalized civilian population. The seroprevalence was higher among women (25.6 percent) than men (17.8 percent) and higher among blacks (45.9 percent) than whites (17.6 percent). Less than 10 percent of all those who were seropositive reported a history of genital herpes infection. In a multivariate model, the independent predictors of HSV-2 seropositivity were female sex, black race or Mexican-American ethnic background, older age, less education, poverty, cocaine use, and a greater lifetime number of sexual partners. As compared with the period from 1976 to 1980, the age-adjusted seroprevalence of HSV-2 rose 30 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 15.8 to 45.8 percent). The seroprevalence quintupled among white teenagers and doubled among whites in their twenties. Among blacks and older whites, the increases were smaller.Conclusions Since the late 1970s, the prevalence of HSV-2 infection has increased by 30 percent, and HSV-2 is now detectable in roughly one of five persons 12 years of age or older nationwide. Improvements in the prevention of HSV-2 infection are needed, particularly since genital ulcers may facilitate the transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. (C) 1997, Massachusetts Medical Society.