SOLUTE ACCUMULATION BY GRAPE PERICARP CELLS .4. PERFUSION OF PERICARP APOPLAST VIA THE PEDICEL AND EVIDENCE FOR XYLEM MALFUNCTION IN RIPENING BERRIES
SOLUTE ACCUMULATION BY GRAPE PERICARP CELLS .4. PERFUSION OF PERICARP APOPLAST VIA THE PEDICEL AND EVIDENCE FOR XYLEM MALFUNCTION IN RIPENING BERRIES
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/38.4.668
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发表时间：
1987-04-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
COOMBE, BG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FINDLAY, N;OLIVER, KJ;COOMBE, BG
将14 C标记的蔗糖施加到离体未成熟和成熟的葡萄浆果[葡萄属vinifera L.]的新鲜切割的花梗上。并使其灌注不同时间;然后提取皮肤和肉组织并分配和测量放射性。当体内糖积累缓慢时，在未成熟浆果的皮肤中，隔室部分中的放射性积累最大。部分浆果的总放射性表明，当浆果未成熟时，放射性迅速扩散，但一旦成熟开始，放射性就会减慢。曙红从花梗的灌注在未成熟的浆果中也是迅速的，但在成熟的浆果中，它被阻挡在花梗之外的“刷子”的外缘，那里的果皮是通气组织和含单宁的。通过维管束超越刷运动的失败不能与发达的tyloses在管分子;它似乎与拉伸管胞在网络的背侧维管束证明了壁增厚和边界膜的间隔不规则性和断裂。这种维管束的管分子的物理破坏发生在浆果突然膨胀时，大约在糖快速积累开始后一周。不同的灌注率限制了在不同发育阶段的葡萄浆果的区室化和代谢的研究的效用的花梗路线。然而，快速划分的放射性后，蒂灌注未成熟的皮肤与14 C-标记的蔗糖折扣的假设，在皮肤原位的缓慢速率是由于质外体抑制剂。
14C-labelled sucrose was applied to freshly-cut pedicels of excised unripe and ripening grape berries [Vitis vinifera L.] and let perfuse for different periods; skin and flesh tissues were then extracted and the radioactivity partitioned and measured. Accumulation of radioactivity in a compartmental fraction was greatest in the skin of unripe berries at the stage when sugar accumulation in vivo was slow. Total radioactivity of parts of berries showed that activity spread rapidly throughout when the berry was unripe but slowed once ripening commenced. The perfusion of eosin from pedicels was also rapid in unripe berries but in ripe berries it was blocked beyond the pedicel at the outer edge of the ''brush'' where the pericarp is aerenchymatous and tanniniferous. The failure of movement through the vascular bundles beyond the brush could not be associated with the development of tyloses in tracheary elements; it appeared to be associated with stretched tracheids in the network of dorsal vascular bundles evidenced by irregularities in the spacing of wall thickenings and breaks in the bounding membranes. This physical disruption of the tracheary elements of the vascular bundles occurred when the berry expands suddently, about a week after the inception of rapid sugar accumulation. The different rates of perfusion limit the utility of the pedicel route for studies of compartmentation and metabolism in grape berries at different developmental stages. Nevertheless, the rapid compartmentation of radioactivity after pedicel perfusion of unripe skin with 14C-labelled sucrose discounts the hypothesis that the slow rate in skin in situ is due to an apoplastic inhibitor.