Sensory gating: A translational effort from basic to clinical science
Sensory gating: A translational effort from basic to clinical science
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DOI：
10.1177/155005940803900209
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Boutros, Nash N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cromwell, Howard C.;Mears, Ryan P.;Boutros, Nash N.
感觉门控（SG）是一种普遍存在的生理过程，对复杂系统中的信息过滤具有重要意义。SG通过呈现重复刺激并测量发生的神经抑制程度来评估。已经发现SG在几种精神疾病中受损。近年来，动物和人类的研究在SG的研究方面取得了很大进展，在本文中，我们提供了一个概述，最近的研究SG使用不同的方法。动物研究已经发现的发现表明：1）SG由单个神经元显示，并且可以类似于从人类头皮记录中观察到的SG，2）SG存在于位于感觉、运动和边缘亚区的许多脑结构中，3）SG可以受到生物体状态变化的显著影响，和4）SG具有不同的药理学特征，受到尼古丁受体活化的强烈影响。人类研究已经使用大脑结构的深层电极记录解决了类似的问题。这些实验表明：1）SG存在于海马周围的皮质区域，2）神经处理的顺序将海马的参与置于感觉处理的较晚阶段，而不是最初认为的，3）存在多种亚型的门控，这些亚型可能依赖于不同的脑回路，并或多或少受到生物体状态改变的影响。动物和人类研究都有局限性。我们强调需要综合的方法来理解的过程和联合收割机之间的基础和临床领域的信息，使一个更完整的图片SG将出现。
Sensory gating (SG) is a prevalent physiological process important for information filtering in complex systems. SG is evaluated by presenting repetitious stimuli and measuring the degree of neural inhibition that occurs. SG has been found to be impaired in several psychiatric disorders. Recent animal and human research has made great progress in the study of SG, and in this review we provide an overview of recent research on SG using different methods. Animal research has uncovered findings that suggest 1) SG is displayed by single neurons and can be similar to SG observed from scalp recordings in humans, 2) SG is found in numerous brain structures located in sensory, motor and limbic subregions, 3) SG can be significantly influenced by state changes of the organism, and 4) SG has a diverse pharmacological profile accented by a strong influence from nicotine receptor activation. Human research has addressed similar issues using deep electrode recordings of brain structures. These experiments have revealed that 1) SG ran be found in cortical regions surrounding hippocampus, 2) the order of neural processing places hippocampal involvement during a later stage of sensory processing than originally thought, and 3) multiple subtypes of gating exist that could be dependent on different brain circuits and more or less influenced by alterations in organismal state. Animal and human research both have limitations. We emphasize the need for integrative approaches to understand the process and combine information between basic and clinical fields so that a more complete picture of SG will emerge.