Development and identification of new synthetic T-turgidum-T. monococcum amphiploids
Development and identification of new synthetic T-turgidum-T. monococcum amphiploids
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新合成 T. turgidum–T 的开发和鉴定。
DOI：
10.1017/s1479262118000175
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Zhang, Lianquan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Hongyu;Liu, Xiaojuan;Zhang, Lianquan
单粒小麦单孢菌具有改良面包小麦的有益性状。小麦- t的合成。单粒双倍体是将单粒单孢菌基因转入面包小麦的重要步骤。本研究通过5个亚种的60个膨体滴虫系和83个单粒滴虫系进行了264个宽杂交组合。在不进行胚胎抢救和激素处理的情况下，从授粉的10,810株小花中获得种子1983粒，平均交交率为18.34%（0 ~ 89.29%）。杂种种子萌发成株率为90.73%（923/1017）。用秋水仙碱处理膨胀T.与单球菌T. F-1杂交，共产生56个新的两倍体(AABBA（m) A(m)）。利用具有不同染色体和亚染色体特异性的寡核苷酸探针，采用荧光原位杂交技术对两倍体的染色体组成进行了研究。十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析表明，单球单孢霉的Glu-A1(m)-b、Glu-A1(m)-c、Glu-A1(m)-d和Glu-A1(m)-b蛋白在部分两倍体中表达。尽管抗性有所降低，56个两倍体中有45个在苗期和成株期均表现出对中国条锈病主要品种的抗性。这些新两倍体为改善面包小麦品质和抗条锈病能力提供了新的种质资源。
Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum has useful traits for bread wheat improvement. The synthesis of Triticum turgidum-T. monococcum amphiploids is an essential step for transferring genes from T. monococcum into bread wheat. In this study, 264 wide hybridization combinations were done by crossing 60 T. turgidum lines belonging to five subspecies with 83 T. monococcum accessions. Without embryo rescue and hormone treatment, from the 10,810 florets pollinated, 1983 seeds were obtained, with a mean crossability of 18.34% (range 0-89.29%). Many hybrid seeds (90.73%, 923/1017) could germinate and produce plants. A total of 56 new amphiploids (AABBA(m) A(m)) were produced by colchicine treatment of T. turgidum x T. monococcum F-1 hybrids. The chromosome constitution of amphiploids was characterized by fluorescence in situ hybridization using oligonucleotides probes with different chromosome and sub-chromosome specificities. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis indicated that the Glu-A1(m)-b, Glu-A1(m)-c, Glu-A1(m)-d and Glu-A1(m)-b proteins of T. monococcum were expressed in some amphiploids. Despite resistance reduction in several cases, 45 out of 56 amphiploids exhibited resistance to the current predominant Chinese stripe rust races at both the seedling and adult plant stage. These novel amphiploids provide new germplasm for the potential improvement of bread wheat quality and stripe rust resistance.