On Combat Effectiveness in the Infantry Platoon: Beyond the Primary Group Thesis
On Combat Effectiveness in the Infantry Platoon: Beyond the Primary Group Thesis
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论步兵排的战斗力：超越主要群体论文
DOI：
10.1080/09636412.2016.1220205
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
King A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
King A
自2001年以来，西方军队一直在伊拉克和阿富汗大量参与战斗，这再次引发了一个长期存在的问题：为什么小股士兵愿意并且能够一起作战。本文借鉴最近战役的证据，特别关注美国和英国军队，探讨了为什么西方小型部队在战斗中普遍有效。文章反对最初由莫里斯·贾诺维茨和爱德华·希尔斯于 1948 年提出的主要群体论点，认为训练和战斗演习，而不是人际关系，是战场表现的主要因素。此外，高水平的训练会改变士兵之间的关系，形成一个核心群体，从而产生独特的激励模式。
Since 2001, Western troops have been heavily engaged in combat in Iraq and Afghanistan raising once again the long-standing question of why small groups of soldiers are willing and able to fight together. Drawing on evidence from recent campaigns, and specifically focusing on American and British forces, this paper examines why small Western units have generally been effective in combat. Against the primary group thesis, originally proposed by Morris Janowitz and Edward Shils in 1948, the article claims that training and battle drills, not interpersonal relations, are the primary factor in generating performance on the battlefield. Moreover, high levels of training alters the relations between soldiers, giving rise to a core group which generates distinctive patterns of motivation.