Direct Measurement of Skin Friction in Complex Fluid Flows
Direct Measurement of Skin Friction in Complex Fluid Flows
复制标题
直接测量复杂流体流动中的表面摩擦
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Schetz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Schetz
本文描述了在非常广泛的各种条件下直接测量流体流动中的表面摩擦的方法。强调了在不同流动情况下所涉及的挑战，并给出了具有代表性的仪器设计和测量结果。考虑的测试条件范围从不可压缩到高超声速；环境温度到非常高的温度，包括燃烧流动；光滑、粗糙和多孔的表面，有没有喷射，测试时间从10-6到基本上连续运行。对二维流动和三维流动进行了讨论。目前，在最简单的情况下，+/-3-5%的精度是可以达到的，而对于高温下复杂的、三维的、高速的流动，+/-10-15%是更典型的。最后讨论的主题是同时测量表面摩擦和热通量，并可能进一步增加表面压力和温度。
This paper describes methods for the direct measurement of skin friction in fluid flows under a very wide variety of conditions. The challenges involved in different flow situations are highlighted, and representative instrument designs and measurement results are presented. The test conditions considered span the range from incompressible to hypersonic speeds; ambient to very high temperature including combusting flows; smooth, rough, and porous surfaces with and without injection and test times from 10-6 to essentially continuous runs. Both 2D and 3D flows are discussed. Accuracies of +/- 3-5% are presently attainable in the simplest cases, while +/- 10-15% is more typical for complex, 3D, high-speed flows at high temperatures. The final topic discussed is simultaneous measurements of skin friction and heat flux with the possible further additions of surface pressure and temperature.