Natural variation and artificial selection in four genes determine grain shape in rice
Natural variation and artificial selection in four genes determine grain shape in rice
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DOI：
10.1111/nph.12430
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Xing, Yongzhong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lu, Li;Shao, Di;Xing, Yongzhong
栽培水稻(Oryza Sativa)的籽粒大小在进化历史过程中被驯化和人工选择所改变。近10年来，已有多个控制籽粒大小的数量性状基因座被克隆。为了探索这些QTL的自然变异，对127个水稻品种和10-15个野生稻样品进行了粒宽重2(GW2)、粒宽5(GS5)和粒宽5(QSW5)的重新测序和粒大小3(GS3)的基因分型，观察到10种和15种单倍型。QSW5和GS3对水稻籽粒大小的影响最大，GW2和GS5的影响较小，GS5的序列变异较小。QSW5的核苷酸多样性水平最高。GW2表现出净化选择的迹象。4个籽粒大小基因的选择强度因其遗传效应而异。在籼稻群体中，GS3、qSW5和GS5之间检测到连锁不平衡(LD)，这4个基因的巨大遗传变异为设计不同的稻米粒形提供了灵活性。这些发现为水稻籽粒大小基因的进化特征提供了洞察力。
The size of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) grains has been altered by both domestication and artificial selection over the course of evolutionary history. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for grain size have been cloned in the past 10 yr. To explore the natural variation in these QTLs, resequencing of grain width and weight 2 (GW2), grain size 5 (GS5) and QTL for seed width 5 (qSW5) and genotyping of grain size 3 (GS3) were performed in the germplasms of 127 varieties of rice (O. sativa) and 10-15 samples of wild rice (Oryza rufipogon).Ten, 10 and 15 haplotypes were observed for GW2, GS5 and qSW5. qSW5 and GS3 had the strongest effects on grain size, which have been widely utilized in rice production, whereas GW2 and GS5 showed more modest effects.GS5 showed small sequence variations in O. sativa germplasm and that of its progenitor O. rufipogon. qSW5 exhibited the highest level of nucleotide diversity. GW2 showed signs of purifying selection. The four grain size genes experienced different selection intensities depending on their genetic effects. In the indica population, linkage disequilibrium (LD) was detected among GS3, qSW5 and GS5.The substantial genetic variation in these four genes provides the flexibility needed to design various rice grain shapes. These findings provide insight into the evolutionary features of grain size genes in rice.