Cognitive and Neural Effects of Semantic Encoding Strategy Training in Older Adults
Cognitive and Neural Effects of Semantic Encoding Strategy Training in Older Adults
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhr129
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Jacoby, L. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirchhoff, B. A.;Anderson, B. A.;Jacoby, L. L.
先前的研究表明，老年人比年轻人更不可能在有意编码过程中使用有效的学习策略。这项功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）研究调查了训练老年人使用语义编码策略是否可以增加他们对这些策略的自我发起使用，并改善他们的识别记忆。训练对老年人在有意编码过程中大脑活动的影响也进行了研究。训练增加了老年人自我发起的语义编码策略的使用，消除了训练前的年龄差异，在识别记忆后的有意编码。在有意编码过程中，训练也增加了老年人内侧上级额回、右侧中央前回和左侧尾状核的大脑活动。此外，老年人在识别记忆中的训练相关变化与年轻人的前额叶和左侧颞区的大脑活动中的训练相关变化密切相关，这些变化与语义处理和自我启动的口头编码策略的使用有关。这些神经影像学结果表明，语义编码策略训练可以改变老年人在有意编码过程中的大脑活动模式，并表明年轻人和老年人可能使用相同的大脑区域网络来支持自主使用言语编码策略。
Prior research suggests that older adults are less likely than young adults to use effective learning strategies during intentional encoding. This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated whether training older adults to use semantic encoding strategies can increase their self-initiated use of these strategies and improve their recognition memory. The effects of training on older adults' brain activity during intentional encoding were also examined. Training increased older adults' self-initiated semantic encoding strategy use and eliminated pretraining age differences in recognition memory following intentional encoding. Training also increased older adults' brain activity in the medial superior frontal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, and left caudate during intentional encoding. In addition, older adults' training-related changes in recognition memory were strongly correlated with training-related changes in brain activity in prefrontal and left lateral temporal regions associated with semantic processing and self-initiated verbal encoding strategy use in young adults. These neuroimaging results demonstrate that semantic encoding strategy training can alter older adults' brain activity patterns during intentional encoding and suggest that young and older adults may use the same network of brain regions to support self-initiated use of verbal encoding strategies.