DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AUSTRALIAN SPEAR-THROWER PROJECTILES AND HAND-THROWN SPEARS
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AUSTRALIAN SPEAR-THROWER PROJECTILES AND HAND-THROWN SPEARS
复制标题
澳大利亚投矛器射弹和手投矛的设计和制造
DOI：
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发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
John L. Palter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
John L. Palter
在有关世界各国人民现在或以前使用抛枪器的文献中，相关投射物的属性往往被忽视。这可能是因为，人们普遍认为，将这种武器纳入一个社会的物质文化中，将需要对以前存在的手扔长矛的设计和建造进行轻微的结构修改。事实上，来自澳大利亚的大量证据表明情况并非如此。在大英人类博物馆、霍尼曼博物馆、剑桥考古与民族学博物馆和皇家苏格兰博物馆，对33枚澳大利亚手掷长矛和293枚投掷枪弹进行了重量测量，结果显示，根据质量和平衡，手投长矛和投掷枪弹可能会明显区分开来。在特定类型的抛枪弹中，人们发现，无论样品的来源如何，沿着杆身的质量分布都有显着的一致性。根据对质量和平衡的测量，得出结论：轻型平衡弹丸的发展是对设计弹丸挑战的直接回应，这种弹丸将充分发挥抛枪器的全部潜力，作为一种极大地提高速度铸造长矛的新方法。
IN the literature pertaining to the present or former use of the spear-thrower by peoples around the world the attributes of associated projectiles often have been overlooked. This may be due to the fact that it is commonly assumed that the incorporation of this weapon in the material culture of a society would have entailed slight, if any, structural modifications in the design and construction of previously existing hand-thrown spears. There is, in fact, considerable evidence from Australia indicating that this was not the case. Weight measurements obtained from 33 Australian hand-thrown spears and 293 spear-thrower projectiles available for examination at the British Museum of Mankind, the Horniman Museum, The Cambridge Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, and the Royal Scottish Museum revealed that hand-thrown spears and spear-thrower projectiles may be clearly differentiated on the basis of mass and balance. Among specific types of spear-thrower projectiles it was found that there was a remarkable consistency in the distribution of mass along the shaft irrespective of the origin of the specimen. Based upon measurements of mass and balance it is concluded that the development of light-weight, balanced projectiles was a direct response to the challenge of designing a projectile which would exploit the full potential of the spear-thrower as a new method of casting spears at greatly increased velocity.