Rapid regional perturbations to the recent global geomagnetic decay revealed by a new Hawaiian record.

Rapid regional perturbations to the recent global geomagnetic decay revealed by a new Hawaiian record.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncomms3727
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Herrero-Bervera E
Herrero-Bervera E
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
de Groot LV;Biggin AJ;Dekkers MJ;Langereis CG;Herrero-Bervera E

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至少在过去的170年里,地球磁场中占主导地位的偶极分量一直在稳步减弱。在这些直接测量之前,考古磁学记录显示,地磁强度显著升高的时间很短。这些惊人的现象没有被当前的场模型捕捉到,它们与最近的偶极衰变的关系也非常不清楚。在这里,我们应用一种新的多方法考古磁学方法来产生夏威夷的高质量地磁强度变化的新记录,夏威夷是中太平洋的一个重要地点。它揭示了发生在大约1000年前的一段短时间的高强度,在性质上类似于200年前在欧洲和500年后在中美洲观察到的行为。我们将这些记录与来自日本的记录结合起来,得出了一幅连贯的图片,其中包括偶极在过去1000年中稳步衰变的情况。强烈的、区域性的、短期的强度扰动叠加在这一全球趋势之上;它们的异步性要求具有高度的非偶极性质。近几个世纪以来,地球的地磁场已经减弱,这导致了对历史重建的呼声;然而,记录很少,而且分布不均。德·格鲁特等人。提供了来自夏威夷熔岩的新的高质量记录,揭示了对过去地球磁场波动的关键见解。
The dominant dipolar component of the Earth’s magnetic field has been steadily weakening for at least the last 170 years. Prior to these direct measurements, archaeomagnetic records show short periods of significantly elevated geomagnetic intensity. These striking phenomena are not captured by current field models and their relationship to the recent dipole decay is highly unclear. Here we apply a novel multi-method archaeomagnetic approach to produce a new high-quality record of geomagnetic intensity variations for Hawaii, a crucial locality in the central Pacific. It reveals a short period of high intensity occurring ~1,000 years ago, qualitatively similar to behaviour observed 200 years earlier in Europe and 500 years later in Mesoamerica. We combine these records with one from Japan to produce a coherent picture that includes the dipole decaying steadily over the last millennium. Strong, regional, short-term intensity perturbations are superimposed on this global trend; their asynchronicity necessitates a highly non-dipolar nature. The Earth’s geomagnetic field has weakened in recent centuries, leading to calls for historic reconstructions; however, records are sparse and unevenly distributed. de Groot et al. provide a new, high-quality record from Hawaiian lavas, revealing crucial insights into past geomagnetic field fluctuations.
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