Executive functions and risky decision-making in patients with opiate dependence
Executive functions and risky decision-making in patients with opiate dependence
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.017
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发表时间：
2008-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Markowitsch, Hans J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brand, Matthias;Roth-Bauer, Martina;Markowitsch, Hans J.
最近的证据表明，有阿片类药物依赖的个体有认知功能障碍，特别是在执行功能和情绪处理方面。这种功能障碍也会影响与冒险行为相关的日常决策。然而，目前尚不清楚的是，鸦片成瘾患者在赌博任务中是否表现出决策障碍，这些任务规定了明确的奖惩规则，并提供了与不同长期结果相关的概率信息。在这项研究中，我们检查了18名阿片类药物依赖者和18名年龄相匹配的健康对照者。性别，并通过骰子游戏任务（GDT）进行教育。GDT是一个赌博任务，具有明确的收益和损失规则，不确定获胜概率。此外。所有的研究对象都完成了一组主要关注执行功能的神经心理测试和一份人格问卷。在GDT上。患者比对照组更频繁地选择有风险的替代方案。患者的GDT表现与执行功能有关，但与其他神经心理结构、人格或依赖特定变量无关，只有一个例外，即戒断天数。因此，阿片依赖患者表现出决策异常，这可能与患者日常生活中的功能障碍行为有关。在阿片依赖治疗中应考虑决策和其他神经心理功能。2008爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
Recent evidence suggests that individuals with opiate dependence (nay have cognitive dysfunctions particularly within the spectrum of executive functioning and emotional processing. Such dysfunctions can also compromise daily decisions associated with risk-taking behaviors. However, it remains unclear whether patients addicted to opiates show impaired decision-making on gambling tasks that specify explicit rules for rewards anti punishments and provide information about probabilities associated with different long-term outcomes. In this study, we examined 18 individuals with opiate dependence and 18 healthy comparison subjects, matched for age. gender, and education with the Game of Dice Task (GDT). The GDT is a gambling task with explicit rules for gains and losses anti fix winning probabilities. In addition. all subjects completed a neuropsychological test battery that primarily Focused on executive functions anti a personality questionnaire. On the GDT. patients chose the risky alternatives more frequently than the control group. Patients' GDT performance was related to executive functioning but not to other neuropsychological constructs, personality or dependence specific variables with one exception that is the number of days of abstinence. Thus, patients with opiate dependence demonstrate abnormalities in decision-making that might be neuropsychologically associated with dysfunctional behavior in patients' daily lives. Decision-making anti other neuropsychological functioning should be considered in the treatment of opiate dependence. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.