Ectopic formation of primordial germ cells by transplantation of the germ plasm: direct evidence for germ cell determinant in Xenopus.
Ectopic formation of primordial germ cells by transplantation of the germ plasm: direct evidence for germ cell determinant in Xenopus.
复制标题
通过种质移植异位形成原始生殖细胞：非洲爪蟾生殖细胞决定因素的直接证据。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2012.08.014
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Watanabe K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tada H;Mochii M;Orii H;Watanabe K
在许多动物中，种系是由一种称为种质（GP）的独特细胞质结构指定的。GP是包括爪蟾在内的无尾两栖动物原始生殖细胞（PGC）形成所必需的。然而，目前尚不清楚GP是否是脊椎动物生殖细胞的直接决定因素。在这里，我们证明GP自主作用于爪蟾生殖细胞的形成。将植物极egfp标记的GP移植到受体胚胎的动物半球。在异位位置携带移植GP （T-GP）的细胞在GP的亚细胞分布和种质特异性分子的存在方面与内源性正常PGCs相似。然而，异位组织中携带t - gp的细胞没有向生殖嵴迁移。将携带t - gp的原胚或尾胚细胞转移到野生型寄主的内胚层。从那里，它们迁移到发育中的性腺。为了弄清携带t - gp的异位细胞是否能产生功能性生殖细胞，研究人员通过将受体从野生型爪蟾转变为表达DsRed2的转基因爪蟾来鉴定它们。将带有DsRed2基因标记的T-GP携带细胞转移到野生型宿主后，我们可以在成熟宿主中发现嵌合性腺。此外，从携带t - gp的细胞中获得的精子和卵子是可育的。因此，我们已经证明非洲爪蟾的种质是足够的生殖细胞的测定。
In many animals, the germ line is specified by a distinct cytoplasmic structure called germ plasm (GP). GP is necessary for primordial germ cell (PGC) formation in anuran amphibians including Xenopus. However, it is unclear whether GP is a direct germ cell determinant in vertebrates. Here we demonstrate that GP acts autonomously for germ cell formation in Xenopus. EGFP-labeled GP from the vegetal pole was transplanted into animal hemisphere of recipient embryos. Cells carrying transplanted GP (T-GP) at the ectopic position showed characteristics similar to the endogenous normal PGCs in subcellular distribution of GP and presence of germ plasm specific molecules. However, T-GP-carrying-cells in the ectopic tissue did not migrate towards the genital ridge. T-GP-carrying cells from gastrula or tailbud embryos were transferred into the endoderm of wild-type hosts. From there, they migrated into the developing gonad. To clarify whether ectopic T-GP-carrying cells can produce functional germ cells, they were identified by changing the recipients, from the wild-type Xenopus to transgenic Xenopus expressing DsRed2. After transferring T-GP carrying cells labeled genetically with DsRed2 into wild-type hosts, we could find chimeric gonads in mature hosts. Furthermore, the spermatozoa and eggs derived from T-GP-carrying cells were fertile. Thus, we have demonstrated that Xenopus germ plasm is sufficient for germ cell determination.