Descriptive Research and Qualitative Research
Descriptive Research and Qualitative Research
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描述性研究和定性研究
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4615-1401-5_12
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. L. Owen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eunsook T. Koh;W. L. Owen
描述性研究是一种状态研究，广泛用于教育，营养，流行病学和行为科学。它的价值是基于这样一个前提，即通过观察、分析和描述可以解决问题并改进实践。最常见的描述性研究方法是调查，包括问卷调查、个人访谈、电话调查和规范性调查。发展研究也是描述性的。通过横断面和纵向研究，研究人员调查了饮食的相互作用（例如，脂肪及其来源、纤维及其来源等）和生活方式（例如，吸烟、饮酒等）和疾病（例如，癌症、冠心病）发展。观察性研究和相关性研究构成了描述性研究的其他形式。相关性研究确定和分析变量之间的关系，并生成预测。描述性研究产生定性和定量的数据，这些数据定义了某个时间点的自然状态。本章讨论了各种类型描述性研究的一些特点和基本程序。
Descriptive research is a study of status and is widely used in education, nutrition, epidemiology, and the behavioral sciences. Its value is based on the premise that problems can be solved and practices improved through observation, analysis, and description. The most common descriptive research method is the survey, which includes questionnaires, personal interviews, phone surveys, and normative surveys. Developmental research is also descriptive. Through cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, researchers investigate the interaction of diet (e.g., fat and its sources, fiber and its sources, etc.) and life styles (e.g., smoking, alcohol drinking, etc.) and of disease (e.g., cancer, coronary heart disease) development. Observational research and correlational studies constitute other forms of descriptive research. Correlational studies determine and analyze relationships between variables as well as generate predictions. Descriptive research generates data, both qualitative and quantitative, that define the state of nature at a point in time. This chapter discusses some characteristics and basic procedures of the various types of descriptive research.