Knowledge Management to Exploit Agrarian Resources as Part of Late-eighteenth-century Cultures of Innovation: Friedrich Casimir Medicus and Franz von Paula Schrank
Knowledge Management to Exploit Agrarian Resources as Part of Late-eighteenth-century Cultures of Innovation: Friedrich Casimir Medicus and Franz von Paula Schrank
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作为十八世纪末创新文化一部分的利用农业资源的知识管理：弗里德里希·卡西米尔·梅迪库斯和弗朗茨·冯·保拉·施兰克
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
M. Popplow
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作者：
M. Popplow
摘要这篇文章有助于最近的一系列研究，质疑现代早期“科学家”和“工匠”之间的明确二分法。以农业资源的开发为重点，它主张欣赏一个更复杂的全景交叉知识系统，从植物学作为自然历史的一部分，在行政和教学专业知识，在农业的各种实践经验。基于这一目的，本文考察了18世纪后期德国南部“经济启蒙”运动的两位主角弗里德里希·卡西米尔·梅蒂库斯和弗朗茨·冯·保拉·施兰克的职业生涯。资助主要是由领土权力，他们仍然密切相关的整个生活，他们的职业生涯的特点是“科学”的调查，以及从事高等教育和广泛的出版物，为不同的观众。根据这里提出的论点，这两个人物的活动全景，可以最好地理解时，在早期的现代文化的创新，旨在刺激经济增长，收集，测试和传播先进的技术知识。反对安德烈韦克菲尔德最近在一本关于德国相机主义的专著中所主张的立场，最后一节认为，从长远的角度来看待19世纪和20世纪技术科学的出现，比关注这些行动者未能立即将其目标付诸实践更合适。
Summary This essay contributes to a recent strain of research that questions clear-cut dichotomies between ‘scientists’ and ‘artisans’ in the early modern period. With a focus on the exploitation of agrarian resources, it argues for the appreciation of a more complex panorama of intersecting knowledge systems spanning from botany as part of natural history, over administrational and teaching expertise, to various sorts of practical experience in agriculture. With this aim, the essay investigates the careers of two protagonists of the ‘economic enlightenment’ in Southern Germany in the late eighteenth century, Friedrich Casimir Medicus and Franz von Paula Schrank. Financed mostly by territorial powers to which they remained closely related throughout their lives, their careers were characterized by ‘scientific’ investigations as well as by engaging in higher education and extensive publication for diverse audiences. According to the argument set forth here, the panorama of the activities of these two figures can best be understood when seen in the light of early modern cultures of innovation aiming to stimulate economic growth by collecting, testing and distributing advanced technical knowledge. Against a position advocated for most recently in a monograph by Andre Wakefield on German cameralism, the final section argues for a long-term perspective on this development with regard to the emergence of technical sciences in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries as more appropriate than a focus on the ‘failure’ of such actors to turn their aims immediately into practice.