IBM Blends Heuristics and Optimization to Plan Its Semiconductor Supply Chain
IBM Blends Heuristics and Optimization to Plan Its Semiconductor Supply Chain
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IBM 融合启发法和优化来规划其半导体供应链
作者：
A. Degbotse;B. Denton;K. Fordyce;R. Milne;Robert Orzell;Chi
IBM使用运筹学技术来规划其企业半导体供应链。这种规划问题的规模和复杂性使得开发强大的供应链优化工具成为一项挑战。纯粹的优化方法在计算上是不可行的，并且单独的快速启发式方法产生差的结果。因此，我们开发了一种方法，通过将物料清单产品结构水平和垂直划分为复杂和简单的部分，这些部分基于半导体制造的主要阶段和构建部件的供应链路径的选择来分解问题。然后，该方法解决了复杂的部分与混合整数规划和简单的部分与快速算法，包含小的嵌入式线性规划。独特的追踪算法、爆炸启发式算法和内爆线性程序使这些部分之间能够协调。结果是一个统一的生产、运输和分配计划，没有原始分解的证据。这种方法帮助IBM提高了资产利用率、客户服务和库存水平。
IBM uses operations research techniques to plan its enterprise semiconductor supply chain. The scale and complexity of this planning problem make developing robust supply chain optimization tools a challenge. Pure optimization methods are computationally infeasible, and fast heuristic methods alone generate poor results. Consequently, we developed a method that decomposes the problem by dividing the bills of materials product structure horizontally and vertically into complex and simple portions that are based on the major stages in semiconductor manufacturing and the choices of supply chain paths for building parts. The method then solves the complex portions with a mixed-integer program and the simple portions with fast heuristics that contain small embedded linear programs. A unique pegging algorithm, an explosion heuristic, and an implosion linear program enable coordination among these portions. The result is a unified production, shipping, and distribution plan with no evidence of the original decomposition. This method has helped IBM to improve its asset utilization, customer service, and inventory levels.