Survival of Polyploid hybrid salamander embryos
Survival of Polyploid hybrid salamander embryos
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DOI：
10.1186/s12861-019-0202-z
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发表时间：
2019-11-12
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Malone, John H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Charney, Noah D.;Kubel, Jacob E.;Malone, John H.
具有多倍体、杂交细胞核的动物对胚胎发生过程中的基因表达和调控模型提出了挑战。为了了解这些生物是如何通过发育进行的，我们研究了单性蝾螈属Ambystoma胚胎的死亡时间和流行程度。结果我们的区域实地调查表明，单性蝾螈的胚胎死亡率在胚胎发生的早期阶段就开始升高。虽然我们预计在囊胚阶段受精卵基因组激活后死亡率会升高，但这并不是我们在实验室培养的胚胎中发现的。一旦胚胎进入第一个卵裂阶段，我们发现单性蝾螈和它们的双性宿主之间的死亡率没有区别。我们的结果与先前的研究一致，表明单性死亡率高，但与胚胎死亡率在胚胎发育过程中持续升高的报道相反。结论胚胎发生早期死亡的可能原因包括减数分裂时母体RNA负荷异常和受精障碍。胚胎分裂后惊人的存活率促使人们进一步研究在多倍体杂交生物的发育过程中基因是如何被调控的。
Background Animals with polyploid, hybrid nuclei offer a challenge for models of gene expression and regulation during embryogenesis. To understand how such organisms proceed through development, we examined the timing and prevalence of mortality among embryos of unisexual salamanders in the genus Ambystoma. Results Our regional field surveys suggested that heightened rates of embryo mortality among unisexual salamanders begin in the earliest stages of embryogenesis. Although we expected elevated mortality after zygotic genome activation in the blastula stage, this is not what we found among embryos which we reared in the laboratory. Once embryos entered the first cleavage stage, we found no difference in mortality rates between unisexual salamanders and their bisexual hosts. Our results are consistent with previous studies showing high rates of unisexual mortality, but counter to reports that heightened embryo mortality continues throughout embryo development. Conclusions Possible causes of embryonic mortality in early embryogenesis suggested by our results include abnormal maternal loading of RNA during meiosis and barriers to insemination. The surprising survival rates of embryos post-cleavage invites further study of how genes are regulated during development in such polyploid hybrid organisms.