Unravelling the regulatory mechanisms that modulate the MEP pathway in higher plants
Unravelling the regulatory mechanisms that modulate the MEP pathway in higher plants
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erp190
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Leon, Patricia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cordoba, Elizabeth;Salmi, Mari;Leon, Patricia
甲基-D-赤藓糖醇-4-磷酸途径负责大量具有生物和生物技术重要性的天然化合物的生物合成。近年来，该途径已成为开发新型除草剂和抗菌药物的明显靶点。此外，通过对这一途径的遗传操作，有可能生产出各种具有医疗和农业价值的化合物。为此，完全了解调节这一途径的分子机制是非常重要的。最近积累的数据表明，在植物中调节甲基-D-赤藓糖醇4-磷酸途径的多种机制中的一些。在这篇综述中，我们将描述其中的一些，并讨论它们的影响。已证明1-脱氧-D-木糖-5-磷酸合成酶(DXS)是该途径的第一个酶，在该途径的整体调控中起着重要作用。到目前为止，已分析的大多数植物中都有一个小基因家族编码该酶，这些基因家族的成员属于不同的系统发育群。这些基因中的每一个都表现出不同的表达模式，暗示着独特的功能。最近对该途径最有趣的调节机制之一是对DXS和DXR蛋白水平的转录后调节。在DXS的情况下，这一调节在植物中似乎是保守的，支持其重要性。积累的证据表明，这一调控可能将该途径的活性与植物的生理条件和对该途径最终产物的代谢需求联系在一起。
The methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway is responsible for the biosynthesis of a substantial number of natural compounds of biological and biotechnological importance. In recent years, this pathway has become an obvious target to develop new herbicides and antimicrobial drugs. In addition, the production of a variety of compounds of medical and agricultural interest may be possible through the genetic manipulation of this pathway. To this end, a complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate this pathway is of tremendous importance. Recent data have accumulated that show some of the multiple mechanisms that regulate the methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway in plants. In this review we will describe some of these and discuss their implications. It has been demonstrated that 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), the first enzyme of this route, plays a major role in the overall regulation of the pathway. A small gene family codes for this enzyme in most of the plants which have been analysed so far, and the members of these gene families belong to different phylogenetic groups. Each of these genes exhibits a distinct expression pattern, suggesting unique functions. One of the most interesting regulatory mechanisms recently described for this pathway is the post-transcriptional regulation of the level of DXS and DXR proteins. In the case of DXS, this regulation appears conserved among plants, supporting its importance. The evidence accumulated suggests that this regulation might link the activity of this pathway with the plant's physiological conditions and the metabolic demand for the final products of this route.