Self-assembly of nanocrystals into strongly electronically coupled all-inorganic supercrystals
Self-assembly of nanocrystals into strongly electronically coupled all-inorganic supercrystals
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DOI：
10.1126/science.abm6753
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发表时间：
2022-03-25
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Talapin, Dmitri, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coropceanu, Igor;Janke, Eric M.;Talapin, Dmitri, V
金属、半导体和其他功能材料的胶体纳米晶体可以自组装成长程有序晶相和准晶相，但绝缘有机表面配体阻止了有序纳米晶体组件中集体电子态的发展。我们可逆地自组装金胶体纳米晶体。铂、镍、硫化铅和硒化铅与导电无机配体形成超晶体，表现出与组成纳米晶体之间的强电子耦合一致的光学和电子特性。电荷稳定纳米晶体的相行为可以通过计算通过短程吸引势相互作用的粒子的相图来合理化和导航。通过微调颗粒间的相互作用，可以通过一步成核或非经典的两步成核途径来引导组装。在后一种情况下，成核之前先形成两种亚稳态胶体流体。
Colloidal nanocrystals of metals, semiconductors, and other functional materials can self-assemble into long-range ordered crystalline and quasicrystalline phases, but insulating organic surface ligands prevent the development of collective electronic states in ordered nanocrystal assemblies. We reversibly self-assembled colloidal nanocrystals of gold. platinum, nickel, lead sulfide, and lead selenide with conductive inorganic ligands into supercrystals exhibiting optical and electronic properties consistent with strong electronic coupling between the constituent nanocrystals. The phase behavior of charge-stabilized nanocrystals can be rationalized and navigated with phase diagrams computed for particles interacting through short-range attractive potentials. By finely tuning interparticle interactions, the assembly was directed either through one-step nucleation or nonclassical two-step nucleation pathways. In the latter case, the nucleation was preceded by the formation of two metastable colloidal fluids.