Source apportionment of wintertime gas-phase and particle-phase air pollutants using organic compounds as tracers
Source apportionment of wintertime gas-phase and particle-phase air pollutants using organic compounds as tracers
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DOI：
10.1021/es981312t
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Cass, GR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schauer, JJ;Cass, GR
以有机化合物为示踪剂，建立了两种化学质量平衡受体模型，可确定源对大气污染物浓度的贡献。第一个模型使用颗粒相有机化合物来分配大气细颗粒有机碳浓度和细颗粒质量浓度的主要来源贡献。第二种受体模型同时使用挥发性气相碳氢化合物和颗粒相有机化合物作为示踪剂，以确定大气中非甲烷有机气体的来源贡献。这两个模型都适用于在加州圣华金山谷收集的两次严重冬季空气污染事件的数据。计算了两个城市站点弗雷斯诺和贝克斯菲尔德以及一个背景站点克恩野生动物保护区的源对细颗粒物空气质量的贡献。在这两个时段，硬木燃烧、软木燃烧、柴油发动机、肉类烹饪和汽油动力机动车排放的初级颗粒物平均占城市场地空气中细颗粒物有机化合物质量的79%，细颗粒物道路粉尘和天然气燃烧气溶胶的贡献较小，但仍可测量到。人为原生颗粒源对本底细颗粒物质量浓度的贡献率不到10%。气相和颗粒相有机化合物受体模型表明，汽油动力机动车尾气和汽油蒸气是非甲烷有机气体浓度的最大贡献者，其次是天然气泄漏。木材燃烧、肉类烹调和柴油排放对有机蒸气的贡献较小，但在统计上具有显著意义，也进行了量化。
Two chemical mass balance receptor models are developed which can determine the source contributions to atmospheric pollutant concentrations using organic compounds as tracers. The first model uses particle-phase organic compounds to apportion the primary source contributions to atmospheric fine particulate organic carbon concentrations and fine particle mass concentrations. The second receptor model simultaneously uses both volatile gas-phase hydrocarbons and particle-phase organic compounds as tracers to determine source contributions to non-methane organic gases in the atmosphere. Both models are applied to data collected in California's San Joaquin Valley during two severe wintertime air pollution episodes. Source contributions to fine particle air quality are calculated for two urban sites, Fresno and Bakersfield, and one background site, Kern Wildlife Refuge. Primary particle emissions from hardwood combustion, softwood combustion, diesel engines, meat cooking, and gasoline-powered motor vehicles contribute on average 79% of the airborne fine particle organic compound mass at the urban sites during both episodes with smaller but still measurable contributions from fine particle road dust and natural gas combustion aerosol. Anthropogenic primary particle sources contribute less than 10% of the fine particle mass concentration at the background site. The combined gas-phase and particle-phase organic compound receptor model shows that gasoline-powered motor vehicle exhaust and gasoline vapors are the largest contributors to non-methane organic gases concentrations followed by natural gas leakage. Smaller but statistically significant contributions to organic vapors from wood combustion, meat cooking, and diesel exhaust also are quantified.