Managing the Transition towards Circular Metabolism: Living Labs as a Co-Creation Approach
Managing the Transition towards Circular Metabolism: Living Labs as a Co-Creation Approach
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管理向循环代谢的转变：生活实验室作为共同创造的方法
作者：
L. Amenta;A. Attademo;H. Remøy;G. Berruti;M. Cerreta;Enrico Formato;Maria Federica Palestino;Michelangelo Russo
世界各地的资源消耗和相关废物产生仍在迅速增加，导致社会和环境挑战以及所谓“废物景观”的产生。城郊地区（位于城市和农村地区之间）特别脆弱，并且容易发展成荒地，因为它们通常具有混合功能和/或单一功能的住区，以及经常被大型基础设施网络穿过的低密度地区的碎片化特征。此外，城郊地区通常被选为开发废物管理工厂的地点。通过这种方式，它们在运营基础设施和废弃景观的景观中被不同性质的废物流穿过。实施循环经济（CE）原则，将废物和废物景观解释为资源，是显着减少原材料和（土壤）资源消耗、改善城市新陈代谢的一种方法。循环方法可以对城郊地区的空间、社会和环境绩效产生积极影响。然而，向 CE 的过渡带来了许多挑战。本文概述了应对这些挑战的方法，介绍了研究人员、专家和利益相关者在生活实验室 (LL) 流程中的共同创造过程。 LL 是物理和虚拟空间，旨在共同创建特定地点的生态创新解决方案（EIS）和策略。在LL中，公私合作伙伴关系是通过应用迭代方法来发展的，该方法由五个阶段组成：共同探索、共同设计、共同生产、共同决策和共同治理。本文介绍了一种案例研究方法，分析了 REPAiR Horizon2020 研究项目中位于那不勒斯（意大利）和阿姆斯特丹（荷兰）大都市区的两个城郊生活实验室所应用的共同创造方法。
Resource consumption and related waste production are still rapidly increasing all over the world, leading to social and environmental challenges and to the production of the so-called ‘wastescapes’. Peri-urban areas—in-between urban and rural territories—are particularly vulnerable and prone to develop into wastescapes because they are generally characterised by mixed functions and/or monofunctional settlements, as well as by fragmentation in a low-density territory that is often crossed by large infrastructure networks. Moreover, peri-urban areas are generally the selected locations for the development of plants for waste management. In this way, they are crossed by waste flows of a different nature, in a landscape of operational infrastructures and wasted landscapes. Implementing Circular Economy (CE) principles, interpreting waste and wastescapes as resources, is a way to significantly reduce raw material and (soil) resource consumption, improving cities’ metabolism. A circular approach can positively affect the spatial, social and environmental performances of peri-urban areas. However, the transition towards a CE presents many challenges. This article outlines an approach to address these challenges, presenting a co-creation process among researchers, experts and stakeholders within Living Labs (LLs) processes. LLs are physical and virtual spaces, aiming at the co-creation of site-specific eco-innovative solutions (EIS) and strategies. In the LLs, public–private–people partnerships are developed by applying an iterative methodology consisting of five phases: Co-Exploring, Co-Design, Co-Production, Co-Decision, and Co-Governance. This article presents a case study approach, analysing the co-creation methodology applied in two peri-urban living labs, located in the Metropolitan Areas of Naples (Italy) and Amsterdam (The Netherlands), within REPAiR Horizon2020 research project.