The Phonon Theory of Liquids and Biological Fluids: Developments and Applications
The Phonon Theory of Liquids and Biological Fluids: Developments and Applications
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01779
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发表时间：
2022-08-11
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Bolmatov, Dima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bolmatov, Dima
在物质的三种基本状态（固体、液体和气体）中，液体状态一直无法用一般的理论方法来描述液体的能量和热容。在这个观点中，我们从Frenkel的微观液态图像出发，导出了液体和生物流体的声子理论。具体来说，该理论预测的声子间隙的存在振动光谱的液体和热力学边界的超临界状态。直接的实验证据，重申这些理论预测是通过结合使用静态压缩X射线衍射和非弹性X射线散射深超临界氩在金刚石砧单元的技术。此外，这些发现启发并导致了液晶（介晶），嵌段共聚物和生物膜中声子间隙的发现。重要的是，声子间隙定义了细胞膜中负责脂质自扩散、侧向分子水平应力传播以及小分子和溶质的被动跨膜转运的粘弹性交叉。最后，由外部刺激介导的分子相互作用导致控制生物膜可塑性的突触活动，从而导致学习和记忆。因此，我们也讨论了学习和记忆的影响，同样重要的神经科学以及神经形态设备的发展，促进生物膜的外部刺激。
Among the three basic states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas), the liquid state has always eluded general theoretical approaches for describing liquid energy and heat capacity. In this Viewpoint, we derive the phonon theory of liquids and biological fluids stemming from Frenkel's microscopic picture of the liquid state. Specifically, the theory predicts the existence of phonon gaps in vibrational spectra of liquids and a thermodynamic boundary in the supercritical state. Direct experimental evidence reaffirming these theoretical predictions was achieved through a combination of techniques using static compression X-ray diffraction and inelastic X-ray scattering on deeply supercritical argon in a diamond anvil cell. Furthermore, these findings inspired and then led to the discovery of phonon gaps in liquid crystals (mesogens), block copolymers, and biological membranes. Importantly, phonon gaps define viscoelastic crossovers in cellular membranes responsible for lipid self-diffusion, lateral molecular-level stress propagation, and passive transmembrane transport of small molecules and solutes. Finally, molecular interactions mediated by external stimuli result in synaptic activity controlling biological membranes' plasticity resulting in learning and memory. Therefore, we also discuss learning and memory effects-equally important for neuroscience as well as for the development of neuromorphic devices-facilitated in biological membranes by external stimuli.