Limit-feeding corn as an alternative to hay for gestating beef cows.
Limit-feeding corn as an alternative to hay for gestating beef cows.
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限制饲喂玉米作为妊娠肉牛干草的替代品。
DOI：
10.2527/1996.7461211x
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发表时间：
1996
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
S. Loerch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Loerch
为确定限饲玉米基饲粮作为妊娠期和哺乳期早期肉牛干草替代品的有效性，进行了3项试验。每次试验选用70或71头平均体重为589±10 kg的成熟怀孕西门塔尔杂交奶牛。从11月到4月，每头29或30头奶牛每天喂约5公斤全剥玉米、1.2公斤颗粒补剂和1公斤干草，以满足妊娠期的营养需求。其余41头奶牛饲喂自由选择的初切圆捆干草。随意采干草的奶牛消耗的饲料大约是限制采干草奶牛的两倍。试验1和试验2饲喂方式对冬季体重变化无影响（P < 0.10）。限制以玉米为基础的饲粮对奶牛的生产性能、受孕率和夏季放牧后的小牛断奶体重没有不利影响。喂一头牛干草的成本几乎是限量喂玉米的两倍。另外进行了两项试验，以确定在饲粮中添加莫能菌素（200 mg/d）对犊牛生产性能的影响。在试验4中，添加莫能菌素的母牛比对照母牛少喂10%的玉米。试验5，两组饲喂等量饲料。饲喂玉米基饲粮未观察到不良反应。综上所述，以玉米为基础的饲粮可以满足妊娠肉牛的营养需求，且不会对生产产生不利影响，且成本低于饲喂干草。
Three experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of limit-feeding corn-based diets as an alternative to hay for beef cows in gestation and early lactation. Seventy or 71 mature, pregnant Simmental crossbred cows (average weight = 589 +/- 10 kg) were used in each trial. Each of 29 or 30 cows was fed approximately 5 kg of whole shelled corn, 1.2 kg of a pelletted supplement, and 1 kg of hay daily from November to April to meet nutritional needs for gestation. The remaining 41 cows were fed first-cutting round-baled hay free choice. Cows with ad libitum hay intake consumed approximately twice as much feed as cows limit-fed the corn-based diet. Body weight change during the winter was not affected (P > .10) by feeding system in Trials 1 and 2. Limit-feeding the corn-based diet had no detrimental effects on subsequent cow performance or conception rate or on calf weaning weight following summer grazing on pasture. The cost to feed a cow hay was nearly double that of limit-feeding corn-based diet. Two additional experiments were conducted to determine the effect of supplemental monensin (200 mg/d) on performance of gestating Simmental-Angus first-calf heifers fed corn-based diets. In Trial 4, monensin-supplemented heifers were fed 10% less corn than control heifers. In Trial 5, both groups were fed equal amounts of feed. No adverse effects of feeding the corn-based diets were observed. It was concluded from these trials that corn-based diets can meet the nutrient requirements of pregnant beef cattle without adverse effects on production and at a lower cost than feeding hay.