Effects of dietary phenolic compounds on tocopherol, cholesterol, and fatty acids in rats
Effects of dietary phenolic compounds on tocopherol, cholesterol, and fatty acids in rats
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DOI：
10.1007/s11745-000-541-y
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发表时间：
2000-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Vessby, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kamal-Eldin, A;Frank, J;Vessby, B
本文研究了酚类化合物丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)、芝麻素(S)、姜黄素(CU)和阿魏酸(FA)对雄性SD大鼠血浆、肝脏和肺组织中α-生育酚(T)和γ-生育酚(T)浓度的影响，对血浆和肝脏胆固醇的影响以及对肝脂脂肪酸组成的影响。实验化合物以4g/kg的饲料随意给大鼠喂食4wk，饲料中维生素E含量低但充足(伽马-T 36 mg/kg，α-T 25 mg/kg)，胆固醇含量为2g/kg。BHT显著降低了采食量(P<；0.001)和体重，提高了饲料转化率；BHT和BHT使肝脏显著增大(P<；0.05)，而CU和FA对上述参数均无影响。BHT能显着降低肝脂含量(P<；0.01)，其他物质均能降低肝脂含量，但不显着。关于对生育酚水平的影响，(1)饲喂对苯二酚使血浆、肝脏和肺中α-T显著升高(P<；0.001)，而γ-T值不变；(2)S饲料组大鼠血浆、肝脏和肺中γ-T水平显著升高(P<；0.001)，而α-T水平不受影响；(3)铜可提高肺中α-T浓度(P<；0.01)，但不影响任何生育酚的血浆或肝脏水平；(4)FA对血浆、肝、肺中的同系物水平均无影响。肝脏中一种未知物质的水平显著降低(P<；0.001)。BHT是唯一一种倾向于增加血浆总胆固醇(TC)的化合物，这是因为极低密度脂蛋白+低密度脂蛋白(VLDL+LDL)部分的胆固醇升高。S和FA有降低血浆总胆固醇和极低密度脂蛋白+低密度脂蛋白的趋势，但对CU的影响有统计学意义(P<；0.05)。FA增加了血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，而其他化合物在数值上降低了高密度脂蛋白胆固醇，但并不显著。BHT、CU和S可降低肝脏总胆固醇水平(P<；0.001)和总胆固醇在肝脂中的百分比(P<；0.05)。在肝脂脂肪酸组成方面，S提高了n-6/n-3和18：3/20：5多不饱和脂肪酸的比例，BHT降低了总单不饱和脂肪酸，增加了总多不饱和脂肪酸(n-6+n-3)。CU和FA对脂肪酸的影响不显著。这些结果表明，这些酚类化合物和生育酚之间的体内相互作用可能会增加维生素E的生物利用度，降低大鼠的胆固醇。
The effects of the phenolic compounds butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), sesamin (S), curcumin (CU), and ferulic acid (FA) on plasma, liver, and lung concentrations of alpha- and gamma-tocopherols (T), on plasma and liver cholesterol, and on the fatty acid composition of liver lipids were studied in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Test compounds were given to rats ad libitum for 4 wk at 4 g/kg diet, in a diet low but adequate in vitamin E (36 mg/kg of gamma-T and 25 mg/kg of alpha-T) and containing 2 g/kg of cholesterol. BHT significantly reduced feed intake (P < 0.05) and body weight and increased feed conversion ratio; S and BHT caused a significant enlargement of the liver (P < 0.001), whereas CU and FA did not affect any of these parameters. The amount of liver lipids was significantly lowered by BHT (P < 0.01) while the other substances reduced liver lipid concentrations but not significantly. Regarding effects on tocopherol levels, (i) feeding of BHT resulted in a significant elevation (P < 0.001) of alpha-T in plasma, liver, and lung, while gamma-T Values remained unchanged; (ii) rats provided with the S diet had substantially higher gamma-T levels (P < 0.001) in plasma, liver, and lung, whereas alpha-T levels were not affected; (iii) administration of CU raised the concentration of alpha-T in the lung (P < 0.01) but did not affect the plasma or liver values of any of the tocopherols; and (iv) FA had no effect on the levels of either homolog in the plasma, liver, or lung. The level of an unknown substance in the liver was significantly reduced by dietary BHT (P < 0.001). BHT was the only compound that tended to increase total cholesterol (TC) in plasma, due to an elevation of cholesterol in the very low density lipoprotein + low density lipoprotein (VLDL + LDL) fraction. S and FA tended to lower plasma total and VLDL + LDL cholesterol concentrations, but the effect for CU was statistically significant (P < 0.05). FA increased plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol while the other compounds reduced it numerically, but not significantly. BHT, CU, and S reduced cholesterol levels in the liver TC (P < 0.001) and percentages of TC in liver lipids (P < 0.05). With regard to the fatty acid composition of liver lipids, S increased the n-6/n-3 and the 18:3/20:5 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratios, and BHT lowered total monounsaturated fatty acids and increased total PUFA (n-6 + n-3). The effects of CU and FA on fatty acids were not highly significant. These results suggest some in vivo interactions between these phenolic compounds and tocopherols that may increase the bioavailability of vitamin E and decrease cholesterol in rats.