ROLE OF GLUCOSE IN REGULATING THE BRAIN AND COGNITION
ROLE OF GLUCOSE IN REGULATING THE BRAIN AND COGNITION
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/61.4.987s
复制
发表时间：
1995-04-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
GOLD, PE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GOLD, PE
大量证据表明，循环葡萄糖浓度的相对适度增加可增强啮齿动物和人类的学习和记忆过程。在大鼠中，全身注射葡萄糖在许多情况下都能增强学习和记忆。当微量注射到特定的大脑部位时，葡萄糖具有选择性的行为和药理学作用，行为作用特异于注射的大脑部位，药理学作用主要特异于与阿片激动剂的相互作用。最近的证据表明，葡萄糖可能会减弱阿片抑制乙酰胆碱释放海马。葡萄糖的相对安全性允许测试葡萄糖对人类认知功能的影响。葡萄糖还增强健康老年人的学习和记忆，并增强患有严重认知病理的受试者（包括患有阿尔茨海默病和唐氏综合征的个体）的几种其他认知功能。因此，循环葡萄糖浓度的增加对大脑功能具有强大而广泛的影响，这些影响涵盖许多神经和行为测量，并且很容易从啮齿动物交叉到人类。
Extensive evidence indicates that relatively modest increases in circulating glucose concentrations enhance learning and memory processes in rodents and humans. In rats, systemic injections of glucose enhance learning and memory under many conditions. When microinjected into specific brain sites, glucose has selective behavioral and pharmacological effects, with behavioral effects that are specific to the brain site injected and pharmacological effects that are largely specific to interactions with opiate agonists. Recent evidence suggests that glucose may attenuate opiate inhibition of acetylcholine release in the hippocampus. The relative safety of glucose has permitted tests of glucose effects on cognitive functions in humans. Glucose also enhances learning and memory in healthy aged humans and enhances several other cognitive functions in subjects with severe cognitive pathologies, including individuals with Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome. Thus, increases in circulating glucose concentrations have robust and broad influences on brain functions that span many neural and behavioral measures and cross readily from rodents to humans.